LINKING LAND TENURE AND USE FOR SHARED PROSPERITY WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

IMPROVING IMPACTS OF LARGE- SCALE LAND-BASED INVESTMENT: PROMISING INNOVATIONS, IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES, AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

WRITTEN AND SUBMITTED FOR PRESENTATION AT THE 16 TH THE WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND ORGANISED IN WASHINGTON, D.C., U.S.A. FROM 23 RD TO 27 TH MARCH, 2015 WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

AUTHORED BY KWAME SAPE AKATOR ASSISTANT LAND ADMINISTRATION OFFICER, LANDS COMMISSION, GHANA BSc. (HONS) LAND ECONOMY, KNUST, GHANA WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

INTRODUCTION WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA POLITICAL DIVISIONS THE REGION IS DIVIDED INTO 13 DISTRICTS WITH 3 OF THESE BEING MUNICIPALITIES WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA Bolgatanga Municipal Assembly–Bolgatanga Bongo District Assembly–Bongo Builsa North District Assembly–Sandema Builsa South District Assembly–Fumbisi Talensi District Assembly–Tongo Nabdam District Assembly–Nangodi Kassena Nankana Municipal Assembly–Navrongo Kassena Nankana West District Assembly–Paga Garu-Tempane District Assembly–Garu Bawku Municipal Assembly–Bawku Bawku West District Assembly–Zebilla Pusiga District Assembly –Pusiga Binduri District Assembly–Binduri WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA TRADITIONALLY, 17 PARAMOUNTCIES ARE RECOGNISED 1. Sekoti8. Kologo 15. Bongo 2. Nangodi9. Naaga 16. Katiu 3. Tongo10. Sandema 17. Navrongo 4. Mirigu11. Chiana 5. Bawku12. Nakong 6. Sirigu13. Kayoro 7. Bolgatanga14. Paga WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA Land Area: 8,842 square kilometers = 2,184, acres About 3 percent of the total land mass of Ghana Location:North-eastern corner of Ghana bordered by international boundaries with Burkina Faso to the North and Togo to the East, the Upper West Region to the West and the vast Northern Region to the South WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA PLACES OF INTEREST 1.Paga Crocodile Pond 2.Tongo Rock and Tengzug Hills 3.Bolga Local Craft Centre (Craft Village) 4.Naaa Gbewaa’s Shrine WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA Traditional Occupation: 1.Subsistence Farming 2.Local Craft Manufacturing Notable Personalities: 1. The Ayews WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

THE STORY OF A LARGE-SCALE ACQUISITION Shaanxi Mining Ghana Mineral Company Limited Two Organised Open Fora 1.Wednesday 3 rd July, Monday 1 st September, 2014 Pursuant to the Guidelines For Considering Large-Scale Land Transactions For Agricultural And Other Purposes (of the Lands Commission), 2012 WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

THE STORY OF A LARGE-SCALE ACQUISITION In Attendance: 1.Officers of State Institutions such as the Lands Commission, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Ministry of Food and Agriculture 2.Representatives of the Gbane Community, including the Magazia and her Deputies, the Tindanas, and the Chief of Gbane WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

PURPOSE OF THE GUIDELINES 1.To prevent conflicts over land 2.To prevent extensive speculation on land 3.To prevent elite-capture of land particularly in remote areas 4.To promote positive awareness of land transactions both in investors and in indigenes 5.To provide a broad-based consultative process for such acquisitions for a much more sustained and greater participation of both investors and indigenes in ensuring progress WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

PURPOSE OF THE GUIDELINES 6. To assess the extent of environmental impact of the acquisition 7. To assess the extent of conformity to the planning scheme (proposed or existing) of the area comprising the acquisition 8. To assess the effect of the acquisition on the livelihood of the local people WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

HISTORY OF LAND OWNERSHIP IN THE UPPER EAST REGION 1.Before the Independence of Ghana from Colonial Rule 2.Before the 3 rd and 4 th Republican Democratic Dispensations 3.In the Era of the 1992 Constitution of the Republic of Ghana WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

RECOGNITIONS IN CUSTOMARY LAND DOCUMENTS 1.The Chief/Regent and/or the Tindana 2.At least One Elder 3.The Farmowner (Usufructuary Land Owner) WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

RECORDED LAND TRANSACTIONS IN THE UPPER EAST REGION Over a period of ten (10) years, from 2005 to 2014, a total of 3945 “fresh” lease transactions have been recorded by the Lands Commission YEAR LEASES RECORDED WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

RECORDED LAND TRANSACTIONS IN THE UPPER EAST REGION These recorded land transactions include those large-scale acquisitions such as the Shaanxi Mining acquisition. Altogether, a total of 2, acres are involved in these transactions YEAR SIZES PLOTTED WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

With a large-scale acquisition taken as any transaction involving 7 acres of land space and above, the following table relates to all large- scale acquisitions: RECORDED LAND TRANSACTIONS IN THE UPPER EAST REGION WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

YEAR SIZES OF THE VARIOUS LARGE- SCALE TRANSACTIONS RECORDED TOTAL WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

RECORDED LAND TRANSACTIONS IN THE UPPER EAST REGION The following table shows the total land sizes involved in consolidated small-scale land transactions in the Region YEAR TOTAL SIZE WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

LAND ADMINISTRATION IN GHANA The Lands Commission: Article 258 of 1992 Constitution Lands Commission Act of 2008 (Act 767) The Office of the Administrator of Stool Lands (OASL) Article 267 of 1992 Constitution The Town and Country Planning Department The Land Administration Project The National Land Policy of 1999 WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

DISBURSEMENT OF CUSTOMARY LAND REVENUES 10% to the OASL 25% of 90% to the stool or skin through the traditional authority 20% of 90% to the traditional authority and 55% of 90% to the District Assembly where the land or concession is sited. WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

SOURCES OF CUSTOMARY LAND REVENUES Mineral Concessions Forest Concessions Water Concessions Ground Rents WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

WAYS TO IMPROVE INSTITUTIONAL ADMINISTRATION OF LANDS IN GHANA Formulation of policies through projects and programmes which should ensure sustainable development Production of documents to provide sustainable means of developing lands Guidelines For Considering Large-Scale Land Transactions For Agricultural And Other Purposes WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

Encouragement of sharing of personnel, equipment and expertise among institutions of land administration Development of modules for assessing the performance of these institutions in order to effectively monitor and evaluate their outputs as well as the outcomes of their functions over specific periods of time WAYS TO IMPROVE INSTITUTIONAL ADMINISTRATION OF LANDS IN GHANA WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

CONCLUSION WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

PROSPERITY True Prosperity emanates from selfless sharing Prosperity resides in the land Prosperity is made possible and accessible by the people The land belongs to all ages and to all eras True Prosperity is all about Sustainable Development WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR

THANK YOU WORLD BANK CONFERENCE ON LAND 2015 KWAME SAPE AKATOR