The Urbanization Game Industrialization in England, or any other small town that has experienced industrialization in the world

Round 1 Draw: –1 River (1” wide and runs edge to edge) –2 bridges (wooden) –4 main roads (single line) –15 houses (Foundation of house must touch a road)

Round 2 Select 1 house, which will be yours and shade it in Draw: –1 church –1 cemetery –2 stores –1 pub

Agrarian Life: Round 3 English Countryside 1730 –Farming, cottage industry, weaving –Small parcels of land for family farms –Poverty is widespread –Crime is low –Supermarket doesn’t exist, only small shops with few goods –The horse is the car, but most walk

Round 4: 1750 Population Explosion due to improved hygiene--such as soap & sewage lines Draw: –10 more houses –1 more church –1 more pub –1 more road –1 more river bridge –1 more store

Population Explosion

Round 5 Draw a fairly large BROKEN line around an area on your paper WRITE in this area “For Agricultural Use Only” Relocate any houses in the area. NOTHING IS TO BE DRAWN IN THIS AREA

Improvements in Farming Jethro Tull invented the seed drill (in 1701), the horse-drawn hoe, and an improved plough. His seed drill would sow seed in uniform rows and cover up the seed in the rows. Up to that point, sowing seeds was done by hand by scattering seeds on the ground. Tull considered this method wasteful since many seeds did not take root.. Seed Drill

Round 6 1 Factory near water 1 capitalist estate

Round 7 15 houses 5 apartment buildings 1 church 1 pub 1 store 1 bridge (wooden) Any additional roads needed 1 canal

Canal 1 packhorse could move 1000 lbs by road 1 packhorse could move 100,000 lbs by canal

Round 8 Add 5 factories all near water.

Factory System System of manufacturing adopted in England at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Each worker did a separate part of the total assembly of a product. Workers, paid by wage, and machines were brought together in a central factory. Raw material would arrive at the top of the mill and emerge as reels of spun cotton or silk at the base.

Round 9 10 houses 20 apartment buildings People from other villages now move to your village Housing is thrown up quickly, and not built to “code”

Round 10 More workers mean more people have to live, eat and shop for goods. –Add 4 stores Since workers have only Sunday off, many seek religious relief. –Add 1 church

Round 11 People worked long hard hours in the factories. The average workday began at 6 am and ended at 9 pm. There is only a 15 minute break for lunch. After work, exhausted, they stop at their favorite pub to relax. Add 4 pubs Add 1 school

Round 12 Despite the misery of the workers, the capitalists and large farm owners are making large profits. –Add 4 ESTATES –Add roads as needed

1770’s & the Steam Engine James Watt & the Steam Engine –More efficient –Factories can move off rivers & near canals 1785 Edmond Cartwright invents the steam power-loom –All cloth production done in the factories now –No more cottage manufacture –Factories 1000x faster than hand

Round 13 Draw 3 canals Add 3 coal mines and connect them to the canals. –The coal mines are at the edge of the paper; if a house or apartment building are in the way, relocate it Draw 10 factories with smoke

Round 14 Add 3 coal mines Add one new IRON bridge Add 10 Factories

Puddling Process Circa 1800 Henry Cort invents a method for converting raw iron “pig iron” into wrought iron –Heat & stir iron, rake off slag impurities until pig iron becomes pasty & purer –Beat and roll to expel more slag More coal needed to fuel the iron industry Village propelled into the “Age of Heavy Industry” More & better machines can now be made Slag byproducts: sulfur & carbon monoxide

Round 15 Add 3 Railroad lines connecting your factories and coal mines –[the railroad should be near at least 15 factories] Add any IRON bridges you need

Round 16 [ ] Social & Urban Changes –Wages are higher in town than in the countryside. More people move to the city to find work & support their family since they no longer get the additional income from cottage industry. –Workers find employment in coal mines, factories and in construction of homes, apartment buildings & railroad lines. ADD: –5 stores10 apartment buildings –5 houses2 cemeteries –5 pubs1 church –3 schools

Round 17 About 50,000 people now reside in your ‘town’ or perhaps city is a better word. Soon there is a surplus of workers. Capitalists, wanting to maximize their profits, hire children and women before men because they perform the same work at 1/2 to 1/4 the wage of men. The children find themselves doing factory work and worst; working in coal mines where small size is an advantage. –ERASE 1 SCHOOL

Round 18 As a result of this chronic male unemployment, the crime rate begins to soar. Family life is completely disrupted. Alcoholism reaches epidemic proportions. –Add 4 pubs –Add 2 jails

Round 19 The Working condition in the factories [whether textile or iron] are appalling. Many workers contract the deadly factory fever or “white lung disease.” Others injure or mutilate their bodies in factory accidents. Machines contain no safety devices. Children, weakened from lack of sleep and proper diet succumb more quickly. Capitalists are relatively indifferent as there is such a large labor force available for employment that will replace those who cannot work. –Add 2 CEMETERIES –Add 2 HOSPITALS

Round 20 Meanwhile, the need for better Rail Road transportation continues. Coal, iron and other raw materials need to be moved to the factories. The finished products from the factory need to be moved to the sea ports and overseas to foreign markets. –Add 2 RAILROAD LINES connected to the river. More workers are to build the Rail Road, work in the coal mines and toil in the factories; and come they do to your ‘town/city.’ –Add 5 apartment buildings1 CHURCH –5 STORES3 JAILS

A major fire broke out. Take out your lighter and burn yourcity

1830 There are no pollution controls, so the air in your city is black. At noon, the sun doesn’t cast a shadow, smog turns day into night. The water is completely unfit for drinking and bathing. Many citizens, even those who do not work in the factories, develop lung cancer and other fatal diseases which are associated with intense stress. People are lucky if they reach 40 years of age. Your city is overcrowded and shrouded in factory smoke. The loss of privacy and clean air troubled many. Suicide rates begin to double. The stress of urban work and live becomes unbearable for many.

Round 21 Add 1 HOSPITAL Add 1 JAIL Add 3 CEMETERIES

Conclusion In complete sentences, answer the following: 1. On the back of your paper, write a NAME for your city. 2. Comment on the important ideas/concepts you learned from this game. 3. How was the city developed? 4. What pushed people into the city? 5. What pulled people out of the city? 6. Who got the wealth? From where? 7. Is this a city you would like to live in? Why/ why not? 8. If you could control the development of a future town that would industrialize, what three laws would you put into place to make the city a better place to live?