U.S. History The Allies Strike Back: Section 2

Words to Know Partisan: A person who strongly believes in a cause. Amphibious landing: A planned movement of troops from the sea.

North Africa and Italy Allies wanted to control North Africa: Planned to attack Italy Germany and Italy also wanted N. Africa: Fought for 3 years Desert fighting

October 1942 Erwin Rommel: German General N. Africa British troops hit Rommel’s forces in the east 2 weeks later: American troops made contact with Rommel’s forces May 1943, Rommel defeated

Partisans Allies moved north across Med. Sea: Attacked Italy By this time many Italians had turned against Mussolini (fascists): Disliked Nazi’s Became partisans who fought the Germans

Fight Hitler sent troops to Italy to fight the Allies: Thousands are killed Nazi’s driven form Italy June 1944, Allied forces had won

War in the Pacific Spring of 1942 Allies moved across Pacific Aircraft carrier moved within 700 miles of Japan: Carried 16 lightweight American bombers Bombers headed for Tokyo: Bombed factories Railroad yards Navy base Japanese were shocked: No enemy had ever attacked their homeland

After Bombing Japanese pushed closer to U.S. territory Japanese fleet headed for Midway Island U.S. fleet sailed to meet the Japanese U.S. Navy code experts figured out secret messages being sent between ships: U.S. ships knew where enemy ships were going to be

June 4, 1942 American planes attacked Japanese planes: Japanese caught by surprise Suffered great losses Battle of Midway was the first big defeat for the Japanese

Island-hoping Japanese held many islands in the Pacific Americans wanted to capture the islands: Use them to attack other Japanese bases Cut off Japanese form supplies

Marines Island-hoping: Used the Marines to make amphibious landings on certain islands Islands that were taken became air supply bases for attacks on other islands : U.S. forces moved across the Pacific Japanese forces were being pushed back to Japan

Navajo Code Talkers 400+ Navajos served in the Marines as “Code Talkers” Navajo language worked well as a code: Difficult to understand Every sound meant something Meaning can change if a speaker’s voice is low or high Never broken

Class Work Chapter 22 Section 2 Crossword