EFFECT OF SALINITY ON VINES AND WINES BEN AMI BRAVDO The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

THE CAUSES OF SOIL SALINITY HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF SALTS IN IRRIGATION WATER OR FERTILIZER INSUFFICIENT IRRIGATION TO LEACH SALT OUT OF THE ROOT ZONE POOR SOIL STRUCTURE THAT LIMITS DRAINAGE OR LEACHING OF SALTS OUT OF THE ROOT ZONE NON UNIFORM WATER APPLICATION ACROSS THE IRRIGATED AREA, RESULTING IN LOCALIZED PATHCHES OF INADEQCUATE LEACHING SALINATION OF THE ROOT ZONE BY HIGH WATER TABLES WHICH MAY BRING SALTS FROM OTHER AREAS OR FROM SOIL THE BELOW

AUSTRALIAN SOURCES SENSITIVE TO MODERATELY SENSITIVE 3.6dS/m OWN ROOTS –V.VINIFERAe.g. SULTANA,SHIRAZ,CHARDONNAY MODERATELY TOLERANT TO TOLERANT 6.6 dS/m ROOTSTOCKS: e.g. RAMSEY, 1103 PAULSEN, 140 RUGGERI, , RUPESTRIS ST. GEORGE

HIGH SALINITY SALT ACCUMULATION VERY HIGH SALINITY DRIPPER PONDING AREA LEACHED AREA

SALINITY dS/m EFFECT OF SALINITY ON PETIOLE Na CONTENT OF CABERNET SAUVIGNON AT BLOOM RAMAT NEGEV 1999

EFFECT OF SALINITY ON LEAF CL Sauv.Blanc R. Negev A A A AB B A B A A A A ppm salinity

EFFECT OF SALINITY ON LEAF CL CONTENT Sauv Blanc R. NEGEV B AB A A B A A A AA A

EFFECT OF SALINITY ON LEAF Na CONTENT Sauv. Blanc R. Negev A AA A A A A A AA A A salinity

EFFECT OF SALINITY ON Na LEAF CONTENT Sauv.Blanc R. NEGEV A A A A A A A A A A A A Ds/m

List of sixteen volatiles (some of them unidentified) out of thirty-six compounds in the 1997 wines which were found to be significantly affected by saline water irrigation treatments: Scan # OrderName Ion trace 2281*1-butanol (?) *Amyl acetate (iso or N) *Oxirane (4 methyl 2,3 epoxy pentane) *? Hexanoic acid hexyl ester Acetic acid hexyl ester ? ?

3829Propanoic acid, 2 hydroxy ethyl ester Hexanol Methyl 1,4 Pentadiene * ? Octanoic acid ethyl ester *acetic acid * ? * ? Methyl 2 butanol Propoxy 2 propanol (?) * ? Decanoic acid ethyl ester *Butanoic acid diethyl ester * ? 87

58023Phenyl ethyl acetate Beta Demascenone *Nerol *Benzyl alcohol *Ethyl 3 ethylbutyl butanedioate Phenyl ethanol ? Octanoic acid ? 726Pyranone (?) ? *Butanedioic acid diethyl ester ? ? 149 * = Significant

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