Notes to Review Forces and Motion

Important Vocabulary

Check back often, as words will be added Force Motion Distance Displacement Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Time Speed Units X-axis Y-axis Speed = distance/time

Distance vs. Displacement

Distance is the total length a person or object traveled. Displacement is the shortest distance from the starting position to the end position.

For Example… Elvis Andrus hits a triple for the Texas Rangers. Therefore, he runs from home plate to third base. * His distance is 270 feet (90 feet between each base = ) * His displacement is 90 feet (shortest distance is the 90 feet from third base to home)

For Example… Mike Napoli hits a home run for the Rangers. * His distance is 360 feet (90 feet between each base = ) * His displacement is 0 feet because he started and ended at the same point. Therefore, the distance between the two is 0 feet.

Potential & Kinetic Energy Potential energy is the stored energy of an object due to position. Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to movement.

For Example… Click on the following website for a great animation of this concept! ter/

Calculating Speed

Name some times… Seconds Minutes Hours Days Weeks Months Years Millenium Name some distances… Millimeters Centimeters Meters Kilometers Astronomical Units Light Years Don’t swear at your teacher, but… Inches FeetYardsMiles

How? We can calculate speed with any distance and any time ! Just follow the formula!

Formula Speed = Distance ÷ Time S = d / t Example: The snail slid his way down the hall. He traveled 6 km in 2 days. What is his speed? S = d / t S = 6 km / 2 days S = 3 km/day

It takes 2.0 hr. for Krusty the Clown to drive 20 km through a city during rush hour. What is his average speed? Let’s Practice…

It takes 2.0 hrs. for Krusty the Clown to drive 20 km through a city during rush hour. What is his speed? Given: Distance = 20 km Time = 2.0 hr Relationship: s = d / t Solution: S = d / t = 20/ 2 = 10 km/hr ( ** round to the nearest tenth spot ** don’t forget units!!!) Looking for: Speed

Try again… Ronald travels North to McDonald’s and covers a distance of 36 km. It takes him 6 minutes to get there. What is Ronald’s speed?

Ronald travels North to McDonalds and covers a distance of 36 km. It takes him 6 minutes to get there. What is Ronald’s speed? Given : Distance = 36 km Time = 6 min Relationship: s = d / t Solution: S = d / t = 36/6= 6 km/min ( ** round to the nearest tenth spot ** don’t forget units!!!) Looking for: Speed

Who rides his motorcycle under the sea? Spongebob and Patrick decide to race their motorcycles. A) Spongebob traveled 15 km in 2 minutes. What was his speed? B) Patrick traveled 22 km in 10 minutes. What was his speed? C) Who won the race? !!!

Spongebob traveled 15 km in 2 minutes. What was his speed? Given : Distance = 15 km Time = 2 min Relationship: s = d / t Solution: S = d / t = 15/2= 7.5 km/min ( ** round to the nearest tenth spot ** don’t forget units!!!) Looking for: Speed

Patrick traveled 22 km in 10 minutes. What was his speed? Given : Distance = 22 km Time = 10 min Relationship: s = d / t Solution: S = d / t = 22/10= 2.2 km/min ( ** round to the nearest tenth spot ** don’t forget units!!!) Looking for: Speed

Who Won the Race?

Distance vs Time Graphs

The walker in the graph above is walking at a slower pace than the walker of the graph below. This is seen in that the walker covers a greater distance in a shorter time in the graph below. The walker in the graph above is walking, then comes to a stop. This is seen in the flat line of the graph, the distance does not change. In the graph below, the walker walks away from the origin then turns and walks towards the staring point.