K EGORGEWARRENBROWN SCHOOLOFSOCIALWOR Emergency Relief in Haiti Development Practice in International Settings

Contents 1 Introduction 2 Context 3 Reports 4 Evaluation 5 Alternative Linda Colleen Tae-yoon & Colleen

Natural disasters Complex emergencies

Natural disasters

Global warming Deforestation Soil erosion Unsustainable development

Complex emergencies ( Uppsala Universitet)

Complex emergencies Poverty Population pressure Conflicts Development traps

2 Context Colleen

2 Context Colleen Conventional form: Republic of Haiti Official Languages: Creole, French Government type: Republic Religions: Population: Ethnic Groups: Age Structure: Black 95% Roman Catholic 80% Protestant % % 16% Other 3% None 1% Mulatto & White 5% 9.5 million Haiti

2 Context Colleen Poverty Poorest country in the Americas 80% live below the poverty line. 54% live in abject poverty. Economy Abject poverty Poverty line 80% 54% Household income distribution lowest 10% is 0.7% highest 10% is 47.7% 47.7% 0.7%

2 Context Colleen Labor force agriculture: 66% (coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum) industry: 9% (sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, light assembly based on imported parts) services: 25% Economy

2 Context Colleen Transportation Airports total: 14 (4 paved runways) Roadways total: 4,160 km (paved: 1,011 km, unpaved: 3,149 km) Colleen, do you have any maps about this?

2 Context Colleen Taken over by Spanish settlement Ceded to the French Haitian Revolution Gained independence U.S. Marine occupation Coup Joined the Caribbean Community (Caricom) National presidential election Political climate

2 Context Colleen International Relation France Cultural ties Limited contracts between Haiti and other dependencies Dominican Republic History of mutual suspicion “Push and Pull” factors of migration Free trade zone established in 2003 United States Powerful economic and political influence Primary trading partner for imports and exports Multiple attempts to curtail migration of economic refugees

2 Context Colleen Earthquake 8.1 with tsunami Hazel Flora Emily Gordon George Fay Gustav Hanna Ike Earthquake Jeanne 2010 History of Disaster