Mitigation and Adaptations Strategies to cope with impact of Climate Change on Food Security Lead PI AgMIP Prof. Dr. Ashfaq Ahmad

ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION Adaptation Mitigation Adaptation Adaptation measures deal with the impacts of climate change and have the objective of reducing the vulnerability of human and natural agro-ecosystems. Mitigation Mitigation addresses the causes of the problem, which involves reducing green house gases concentration in the atmosphere.

MITIGATION STRATEGIES Mitigation Exposure Three major options to mitigate climate change: Avoiding or displacing emissions - Renewable energy resources Removing emissions -Afforestation -Oceans (C sequestration) -Soil Reducing emissions - Biofuel - Wind energy

Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) PMD should be under Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock It’s important to obtain meteorological data easily

Punjab Agricultural Environment Monitoring Network (PAEMN) Two three weather stations in each district Forecast of frost for wheat Forecast of rainfall for rice at maturity Frost forecast for potato

Conti…. Automated weather station for short, medium and long term weather forecasting Data collection Processing Translation Dissemination

Agronomic Adaptation Strategies

Redefining Agro-ecological Zones Due to climate change we will have to redefine agro-ecological zones

Use of Models for Forecasting Models (DSSAT, APSIM, CROPWAT etc.) forecasting is helpful for developing adaptation strategies in the context of changing climate

Conti…. Sowing methods Adjustment of planting times and densities Early canopy development Choice of suitable cultivars Weed management

Change in Cropping Pattern/Cropping Intensity Diversified cropping pattern More cropping intensity

Water Shortage Coping with water stress due to climate change Efficient Irrigation scheduling Use of pressurized irrigation system

Weed Management Weeds infestation and attack will increase due to climate change