David Chappell Chappell & Associates ARC205

Session Objectives Show the link between business strategy and application platforms Provide a general model for thinking about application platforms On-premises and in the cloud Illustrate today’s most visible application platforms using this model

Application Platforms and Business Strategy

Business Strategy and IT The importance of being different A primary goal of business strategy is to create competitive advantage The essence of that advantage is being different Virtually all business strategies today have an IT component IT really does matter

Relative Benefit of an Innovation From competitive advantage to cost of doing business Time Competitive Advantage to Firm First firm in an industry implements innovation Second firm in an industry implements innovation Third firm in an industry implements innovation

Categorizing IT Spending Strategic vs. utility Strategic ITUtility IT Window of differentiation Competitive Advantage to Firm

Making the Connection From business strategy to application platforms Business strategy means being different from the competition Being different relies on strategic IT investments to support that differentiation Strategic IT investments are most often custom applications Custom applications depend on an application platform

Choosing an Application Platform What’s required An application platform needs to work well in both the strategic and utility phases The strategic phase requires: Support for rapid development With available developers Current technologies The utility phase requires: Low cost Long-term supportability

Thinking About Application Platforms: A Simple Model

... Integration Identity Storage Operating System Foundation Application Local Support Applications Users Development Tools Infrastructure Services Application Services Defining an Application Platform A general model

Dynamics CRM platform BizTalk Server, MSMQ... Active Directory File shares, SQL Server, SharePoint libraries Windows Foundation Application Visual Studio Infrastructure Services Application Services The Microsoft Application Platform A server-oriented perspective.NET Framework SQL Server SharePoint Other Applications Users Microsoft Dynamics

Applications Application Services Infrastructure Services... Integration Identity Storage Operating System Foundation Application Local Support Users Development Tools Application Platform Issues Microsoft vs. the Java world

Microsoft vs. the Java World A dozen years of competition Java Microsoft Java, Java VM Windows DNA 1999 J2EE NET Framework NET Framework NET Framework NET Framework 3.5 Java EE 5 Spring SCA … … 2003 J2EE

Applications Application Services Infrastructure Services... Integration Identity Storage Operating System Foundation Application Local Support Users Development Tools Application Platform Issues Getting tooling right

1970s-1980s Editors Compilers 1980s-1990s Integrated development environments (IDEs) 1990s-2000s Team development tools Test tools Build tools Source code control tools Tools for Software Development An evolution

Shared Server Source Code Versions Development Tool Design Documents Architecture Tool Tools for Software Development The real goal: Optimizing the end-to-end process Requirements Requirements Tool Project Statistics Project Management Tool Test Cases Test Tool Examples: Microsoft Team Foundation Server IBM Rational Jazz Team Server

Applications Application Services Infrastructure Services... Integration Identity Storage Operating System Foundation Application Local Support Users Development Tools Application Platform Issues Service-oriented architecture

Defining SOA Some possible views Service-oriented applications Such as an app that uses services to expose its logic to diverse clients Service-oriented architecture A broad attempt to expose the functionality of applications to other applications Potential benefits: Faster, cheaper development of new applications through reuse of existing services More agile business processes because creating and changing connections among applications can be simpler

Evaluating SOA The reality Service-oriented applications can make sense Especially when you have immediate clients Getting benefits from a broad service-oriented architecture effort is hard Creating service-oriented applications can sometimes add up-front cost for long-term benefit Achieving reuse is difficult Choosing the right services to expose is hard Technical and business incentives are hard to create

Application Platforms: Extending into the Cloud

Browser/ Client Application Software as a Service (SaaS) Users Extra Functions Application Attached Services Users Application Cloud Platforms Developers Platform Cloud On-premises Categorizing Cloud Services A simple taxonomy

Applications Application Services Infrastructure Services... Integration Identity Storage Operating System Foundation Application Local Support Users Development Tools Defining an Application Platform The general model (again)

On-Premises Foundation On-Premises Application Cloud Foundation Cloud Application Cloud Infrastructure Services Cloud Application Services On-Premises Infrastructure Services On-Premises Application Services On-Premises and Cloud Platforms

File shares, SQL Server, SharePoint Libraries On-Premises Infrastructure Services BizTalk Server, MSMQ Active Directory SQL Services, Windows Azure Storage, SharePoint Online Libraries Cloud Infrastructure Services.NET Services Workflow/ Service Bus Windows Live ID,.NET Services Access Control Windows Live ID,.NET Services Access Control Cloud Application Services Windows Live Contacts Windows Live Photo Gallery Virtual Earth Live Search CRM Online CRM Online Platform Windows Azure CTP SharePoint Online On-Premises Application Services Dynamics CRM … … Microsoft SQL Server Windows On-Premises Foundation. NET Framework. NET Framework Dynamics CRM platform SharePoint On-Premises Application Live Services Cloud Application Cloud Foundation

On-Premises Application Services On-Premises Infrastructure Services Cloud Infrastructure Services Amazon Identity Cloud Application Services On-Premises Foundation Cloud Application Cloud Foundation Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) Amazon On-Premises Application Simple DB, Simple Storage Service (S3) Simple Queue Service (SQS)

Cloud Infrastructure Services Google Accounts Contacts Picasa Cloud Application Services Maps Search On-Premises Foundation Cloud Application Cloud Foundation AppEngine Google On-Premises Application Google Data APIs On-Premises Application Services On-Premises Infrastructure Services

Cloud Infrastructure Services Salesforce.com Identity Services Salesforce.com Identity Services Cloud Application Services Salesforce.com On-Premises Foundation Cloud Application Cloud Foundation Force.com Salesforce.com On-Premises Application On-Premises Application Services On-Premises Infrastructure Services

Oracle DBMS On-Premises Infrastructure Services Oracle ESB, BPEL Process Server, etc. Oracle Beehive Cloud Infrastructure Services Cloud Application Services Oracle On Demand Applications On-Premises Application Services Oracle Applications … … Oracle On-Premises Foundation On-Premises Application Oracle Identity Management Oracle WebLogic Server Cloud Application Cloud Foundation Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) Oracle DBMS Oracle WebLogic Server

DB2 On-Premises Infrastructure Services WebSphere ESB, MQ, WebSphere Process Server IBM Tivoli Identity Management On-Premises Application Services Cloud Infrastructure Services Cloud Application Services DB2 AIX, Z/OS, etc. WebSphere Portal Server, Domino On-Premises Foundation On-Premises Application WebSphere Application Server Cloud Application Cloud Foundation Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) DB2 WebSphere Application Server WebSphere Portal Server

Conclusions Application platforms are a fundamental choice for an organization They’re the foundation for business strategy Some observations: The J2EE world is fragmenting Team development tools finally address the right problem: optimizing the end-to-end flow SOA isn’t succeeding in most organizations The notion of “application platform” is broadening It now includes the cloud

References Application Platforms and Business Strategy: Making the Connection Platforms%20and%20Business%20Strategy--Chappell.docx What’s Next? Life After J2EE Opinari_No17_10_06.html A Short Introduction to Cloud Platforms: An Enterprise-Oriented View CloudPlatforms--Chappell.pdf

About the Speaker David Chappell is Principal of Chappell & Associates ( in San Francisco, California. Through his speaking, writing, and consulting, he helps people around the world understand, use, and make better decisions about new technology. David has been the keynote speaker for many events and conferences on five continents, and his seminars have been attended by tens of thousands of IT decision makers, architects, and developers in forty countries. His books have been published in a dozen languages and used regularly in courses at MIT, ETH Zurich, and other universities. In his consulting practice, he has helped clients such as Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Microsoft, Stanford University, and Target Corporation adopt new technologies, market new products, train their sales staffs, and create business plans. Earlier in his career, David wrote networking software, chaired a U.S. national standards working group, and played keyboards with the Peabody-award-winning Children’s Radio Theater. He holds a B.S. in Economics and an M.S. in Computer Science, both from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

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