The Cultural Geography of Africa south of the Sahara 21.1 Notes Population Patterns

Life High infant mortality rate Highest birth rate Africa = 90/1,000 World Avg. = 56/1,000 Europe = 7 U.S. = 6.7 Highest birth rate 38 per 1,000 people U.S. 14, Europe 10 Lowest life expectancy 52 yrs. U.S. 77, Europe 74

Distribution of population Uneven Most near coast, lake or river

Distribution of population

Food Production Declining because… Intensive cultivation Loss of soil fertility Droughts 70% of Africans S of Sahara farm Producing less Eating less

Some reasons for death Famine Poor nutrition Impure water – BBC Water site Only 40% have pure drinking water Diseases Tsetse fly carry AIDS – BBC AIDS site

Scale of Living Very low Population grows 2x’s economy GDP $150 billion Equivalent to Belgium Per Capita income Varies greatly Chad = $220, Gabon = $5,200

GDP Per Capita

Urbanization Least urbanized of any continent Currently world’s fastest rate Est. 235 million live in cities

Diverse people East Africa Many Asians and whites Kenya Has 70 ethnic groups Tanzania Has 100 ethnic groups Africans speak more than 800 languages