Revolutionary War Part II

George Washington Born Feb. 22, 1732 in NOVA Born Feb. 22, 1732 in NOVA Worked as a surveyor, 1 st public office Worked as a surveyor, 1 st public office was surveyor of Culpepper County, VA 1752, appointed an officer in VA militia 1752, appointed an officer in VA militia 1753, delivered message to French in Ohio Country, eventually rose to command VA militia 1753, delivered message to French in Ohio Country, eventually rose to command VA militia After F&I War, resigned, planted and involved in politics. Very wealthy landowner. After F&I War, resigned, planted and involved in politics. Very wealthy landowner.

Winning Independence British lost colonies because Americans had determination to outlast them British lost colonies because Americans had determination to outlast them Example: Example: Valley Forge, Pa (winter of ) Valley Forge, Pa (winter of ) G.W. and troops hunkered down for winter G.W. and troops hunkered down for winter Huts w/few blankets, ragged clothing, almost no food Huts w/few blankets, ragged clothing, almost no food Reported to Congress that 1/3 of 10,000 soldiers unfit for duty Reported to Congress that 1/3 of 10,000 soldiers unfit for duty Pneumonia, typhus, typhoid, and dysentery widespread Pneumonia, typhus, typhoid, and dysentery widespread Nearly 2,000 men perished Nearly 2,000 men perished

War Focus Shifts Late summer of 1778, Patriot militias captured all British posts in present-day Indiana and Illinois Late summer of 1778, Patriot militias captured all British posts in present-day Indiana and Illinois 1779, focus of the war shifts southward 1779, focus of the war shifts southward British hoped to draw on Loyalist sympathies British hoped to draw on Loyalist sympathies By 1781, General Charles Cornwallis had set up camp at Yorktown, VA By 1781, General Charles Cornwallis had set up camp at Yorktown, VA Washington recognized opportunity to deal British a fatal blow at Yorktown Washington recognized opportunity to deal British a fatal blow at Yorktown Lafayette’s troops blocked overland escape Lafayette’s troops blocked overland escape

Cornwallis Surrenders Cornwallis and British are surrounded by army double their size Cornwallis and British are surrounded by army double their size Escape from peninsula is blocked Escape from peninsula is blocked French fleet prevented reinforcements from sea French fleet prevented reinforcements from sea Cornwallis surrendered to Washington on October 19, 1781 Cornwallis surrendered to Washington on October 19, 1781

Treaty of Paris (Sept 1783) G.B. recognized American independence G.B. recognized American independence Set n. border between U.S. and British Canada Set n. border between U.S. and British Canada Made Miss. River boundary between U.S. and Spanish territory to west Made Miss. River boundary between U.S. and Spanish territory to west Florida returned to Spain, border set Florida returned to Spain, border set U.S. and French granted fishing rights off of Grand Banks U.S. and French granted fishing rights off of Grand Banks

Impact of the Revolution Did more than establish American Independence Did more than establish American Independence Helped inspire idea of American Patriotism, love of their country Helped inspire idea of American Patriotism, love of their country Spread idea of liberty, at home and abroad Spread idea of liberty, at home and abroad Jefferson’s assertion that “all men are created equal” would have long-lasting effects Jefferson’s assertion that “all men are created equal” would have long-lasting effects

Inspiration to people around the world Inspiration to people around the world French Revolution ( ) French Revolution ( ) Other European colonies gain independence Other European colonies gain independence New Latin American states New Latin American states Vietnam (Ho Chi Minh) Vietnam (Ho Chi Minh)

They have robbed us of our rice fields, our mines, our forests, and our raw materials. They have monopolized the issuing of bank notes and the export trade. All men are created equal; they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights; among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. This immortal statement was made in the Declaration of Independence of the United States of America in In a broader sense, this means: All the peoples on the earth are equal from birth, all the peoples have a right to live, to be happy and free. They have robbed us of our rice fields, our mines, our forests, and our raw materials. They have monopolized the issuing of bank notes and the export trade. They have invented numerous unjustifiable taxes and reduced our people, especially our peasantry, to a state of extreme poverty. They have invented numerous unjustifiable taxes and reduced our people, especially our peasantry, to a state of extreme poverty.