Heart Conditions

Acute Chest pain Crushing pain Cardiac pain patterns Pain referred to left jaw, shoulder, arm Syncope Excessive sweating Pale skin Difficulty breathing General Signs & Symptoms

Chronic Peripheral swelling Clubbing of fingertips and nails Fatigue Shortness of breath General Signs & Symptoms

Exercise-induced death is relatively rare 1 death in 50,000 to 200,000 males of high school or collegiate age 1 death in 200,000 to 770,000 females of high school or collegiate age Sudden Cardiac Death

Can occur in any sport Reported mostly in basketball and football Non-traumatic SCD usually occurs within 1 hour of starting exercise Shortly after exercise Sudden Cardiac Death

Leading causes of “on-the-field” deaths in athletics Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Congenital coronary artery anomalies Electrical and conduction abnormalities Acquired myocarditis Sudden Cardiac Death

Contributing factors High-intensity exercise Electrolyte imbalances High body temperature Sudden stopping of intense physical activity Performance enhancing substances Dietary supplements Sudden Cardiac Death

Asymmetrical enlargement of left ventricular cavity Inherited condition Most can be diagnosed with echocardiograph (ECG) Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Possible history Chest pain Exertional difficulty breathing Syncope Dizziness Family history Sudden or unexplained death Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Management Medication Activity restriction Possible surgery Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Inflammatory condition of the heart muscle Infected muscle creates unstable environment Myocarditis

S/S Difficulty breathing Coughing Exercise intolerance Viral illness s/s Myocarditis

Resting blood pressure > 140/90 on 3 separate occasions Primary or seconday Hypertension

Primary Exact causes unknown Genetic factors Environmental factors Diet obesity Stress smoking Secondary Results from another medical condition Hypertension

S/S Blood pressure > 140/90 Occipital headaches Nosebleeds Management Medication Lifestyle changes Hypertension

Long-term Complications Heart disease Stroke Eye damage Kidney failure Vascular disease Hypertension

Restrictions Mild to moderate Hypertension w/o other organ or heart disease No restrictions Reassessment every 2-4 months Severe Hypertension Avoid strenuous sports until blood pressure is controlled Hypertension