Elements and Principals of Design Fashion Design

Design Elements – Lines – Shape – Space – Texture – Pattern Principles – Balance – Proportion – Emphasis – Rhythm – Harmony

Shape and Size Frame – Skeletal size Size ratio – Compare areas of the body. – Waist divides body Geometric shape – Triangle – Inverted triangle – Rectangle – Hour glass – Apple

Lines Line Types – Straight – Curved – ZigZag Line Directions – Vertical (up and down) – Horizontal (side ways) – Diagonal

How Designers Use Lines Straight – Crisp, formal look – Business Curved – Movement – Softness Zig Zag – Constantly changing direction – excitement

Lines and Illusion Vertical – More height – Less width Horizontal – More width – Less height Wide lines – Vertical Added width – Horizontal Added height

Shape Shape is the outline Also called silhouette Natural – Fit body close – Good average body Tubular – Rectangular – Adds height and thinness Bell – Cut height Full – Look larger

Texture Surface characteristics Soft and Clingy – Hug body – Show off irregularities Moderately crisp fabrics – Conceal body shapes Extra-crisp fabrics – Make body look larger Nubby and Bulky Fabrics – Add dimension – Make a person look larger Dull fabrics – Look smaller Shiny fabrics

Space Just as important at silhouette. Lines usually divide the spaces of a garment or outfit Too many spaces can make an outfit tiring, too little can be boring. The more spaces there are, it attracts more attention to that area.

Pattern Stripes Plaids Geometrics Floral Scenic Borders Small pattern: – decreases apparent size Large pattern: – Increases apparent size

Balance Symmetrical Same on both sides Formal or tailored look Asymmetrical Different on each side More casual Cost more to make

Proportion How separate parts of a garment relate to each other and to the whole in size.

Emphasis Draw attention to a certain area.

Rhythm Visual that carries the eye through a regular pattern produced by the design elements Repetition: repeating pattern – Ex: stripes, polka dots Radiation: lines or patterns flow from a central location – Ex: tie dye, flowers Gradation: gradual change in color or size

Harmony Everything works together to create a wonderful outfit.

Ticket out the Door Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper in which you turn in. 1.Make a list of five problems in body shape and size that people might want to address with clothing illusions. Describe in writing what you, as a fashion consultant, would suggest for each person. Include drawing when appropriate.