Physics for Everyone Lecture Series Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory May 4, 2011 Chris Polly, Fermilab …  Chris Polly – May 4, 20111The Magic of Muons

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons2 What are muons? What are they good for? Why are they important to Fermilab? 

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons3 Everything we see, hear, or touch arises from a very basic set of ingredients… p n e 

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons5 And spectacular complexity…

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons6 And some not so spectacular effects…

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons7 With so much of the world described by atoms & optics, some scholars at the end of the 20 th century were jaded p n e  “In this field, almost everything is already discovered, and all that remains is to fill a few unimportant holes.” (1878) Johann Philipp Gustav von Jolly advising Max Planck not to pursue physics 1918

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons8 p n e  electron After these…muons were the next discovered in 1936

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons9 p n e  electron ? ? After these…muons were the next discovered in 1936

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons10 p n e  Physics for Everyone Lecture Series David Schmitz, Fermilab April 6, 2011

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons11

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons12

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons15

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons16 Simulation of cosmic ray event in Auger

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons17 Simulation of cosmic ray event in Auger

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons18 What are muons?  I. I. Rabi 1944

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons19 p n e   1949

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons20 p n 

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons21 p n e   

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons22 p n e    Protons made of stuff

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons23 p n e   

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons24 p n e   

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons25 p n e   

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons26 p In fact, they were so similar, scientists wondered if muons were electrons in some excited state e-e-  e  Level at which muons convert to electrons Year

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons27 p n e   Where do muons come from? 

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons28 p n e    p  

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons29 p n e   

e Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons30 p n e    

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons31 What are they good for? 

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons32 e 

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons33

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons34 Where are the facilities that do this?

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons35 What are they good for? 

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons36 Muon radiography

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons37 Muon radiography…why use muons?

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons38 Muon radiography 1968

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons39 Muon radiography…for security

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons40 Muon radiography…for security

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons41 What are they good for? 

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons42 Why are muons important to Fermilab? 

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons43 Fermilab’s plan for accelerator- based research at the lab   e e

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons44 Fermilab’s plan for accelerator- based research at the lab

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons45 Fermilab’s plan for accelerator- based research at the lab

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons46 Principles of Muon g-2

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons47 Principles of Muon g-2 Even in a perfect vacuum, pairs of particles are continually popping in and out of existence e+e+ e-e- e-e- e+e+ e+e+ e-e-

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons48 What’s that got to do with muons? e+e+ e-e- e-e- e+e+ e+e+ e-e-

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons49 What’s that got to do with muons? e+e+ e-e- e-e- e+e+ e+e+ e-e-

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons50 What’s that got to do with muons?

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons51 Why do we call it g-2?

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons52 Muon g-2 measured very precisely at Brookhaven National Lab (2001) Would like to bring the apparatus from Brookhaven to Fermilab to improve the precision

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons53 Mu2e at Fermilab Mu2e sensitivity Level at which muons convert to electrons Year

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons54 Muon to electron conversion ¼ 20 fm ¼ 4 fm 1S Muonic Aluminum Coherent Conversion ( μ→ e) X e-e- Nucleus Is Left Unchanged Muon Converts

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons55 Mu2e solenoids…technical marvels

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons56 Mu2e solenoids…technical marvels p p Magnetic Mirror Effect μ μ π π π decays to μ μ is captured into the transport solenoid and proceeds to the stopping targets 2.5T 5T Gradient Solenoid Field Primary π production off gold target π π ¹ ¹

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons57 The biggest muon project ever… The Muon Collider

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons58 Muon/electron collisions are cleaner

Chris Polly – May 4, 2011The Magic of Muons59