Quiz #2 1.What year were movies with sound created? 2.What is the name of the first cartoon movie? 3.What is the Great Migration? 4.What are two reasons for the Great Migration? 5.Why is it called the Harlem Renaissance? 6.What type of music did the African Americans in the 20s create? Bonus: Who wrote Mrs. Harrison’s favorite poem we read last time?

WOMEN, PROHIBITION, AND FUNDAMENTALISM

CHANGING ROLES OF WOMEN 1920 – Women’s Suffrage1920 – Women’s Suffrage Women given the right to vote 1924 – Nellie Tayloe Ross (1st woman governor after husband died)1924 – Nellie Tayloe Ross (1st woman governor after husband died) - Miriam “Ma” Ferguson (gov. of Texas) Wasn’t a sweeping change like some women thought, most women voted as their fathers or husbands didWasn’t a sweeping change like some women thought, most women voted as their fathers or husbands did After WWI women were back in the work force in more numbers and more variety of jobAfter WWI women were back in the work force in more numbers and more variety of job (still mostly lowest paying jobs; teachers/nurses/domestic servants)(still mostly lowest paying jobs; teachers/nurses/domestic servants)

Middle/upper class women begin attending college in larger numbersMiddle/upper class women begin attending college in larger numbers Women still have primary responsibility over care of the home and children and most still depend on men for their financial supportWomen still have primary responsibility over care of the home and children and most still depend on men for their financial support But many sought more equality in their relationships with menBut many sought more equality in their relationships with men Flappers – dress, drank, smoked, danced in nightclubsFlappers – dress, drank, smoked, danced in nightclubs example of greater freedom and independence not everyone was a flapper, rural areas and small towns had only heard of them, mostly a change in city women

PROHIBITION Major Causes:Major Causes: – Temperance Movement had been around a long time –alcohol viewed as a source of crime, disease immorality, hunger, family instability and many of society’s problems –WWI, need for the grain and troop discipline 1917: ½ the states had passed some restricting law1917: ½ the states had passed some restricting law

1920: 18th Amendment: made it illegal to manufacture, transport or sell alcohol in the U.S.18th Amendment: made it illegal to manufacture, transport or sell alcohol in the U.S. Voldstead Act: enforced the amendmentVoldstead Act: enforced the amendment But…virtually impossible to enforce because it’s not illegal to drink alcohol

Speakeasies: secret barsSpeakeasies: secret bars –often operated by organized crime –respected citizens would go –overlooked by law enforcement Bootleggers: liquor smugglers (flask hidden in the boot leg)Bootleggers: liquor smugglers (flask hidden in the boot leg) –some high tech smuggling operations and chains throughout the country –almost a respected occupation –Detroit, Michigan: smuggling from Canada was the 2nd largest industry to auto making 1925: only 5% of alcohol smuggling stopped1925: only 5% of alcohol smuggling stopped Al Capone (Chicago) tens of millions a yearAl Capone (Chicago) tens of millions a year

Why was it repealed? viewed as an attack on personal libertiesviewed as an attack on personal liberties created stable and large income for organized crimecreated stable and large income for organized crime hurt farmers by decreasing demand for barleyhurt farmers by decreasing demand for barley didn’t have intended effectsdidn’t have intended effects

Scopes Monkey Trial

Christian Fundamentalism Cities helped fuel "the Roaring Twenties", and Americans in the countryside often reacted against what they viewed was the moral disintegration of American lifeCities helped fuel "the Roaring Twenties", and Americans in the countryside often reacted against what they viewed was the moral disintegration of American life March 13, 1925: Tennessee passed a law forbidding the teaching of evolution in schoolsMarch 13, 1925: Tennessee passed a law forbidding the teaching of evolution in schools

Scopes Monkey Trial John Scopes, a science teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, tests the law by teaching Darwin's theory of evolution in his biology classJohn Scopes, a science teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, tests the law by teaching Darwin's theory of evolution in his biology class He is arrested and put on trialHe is arrested and put on trial Christians felt that teaching evolution would undermine the younger generation's faith in the BibleChristians felt that teaching evolution would undermine the younger generation's faith in the Bible Fundamentalists won, but teaching of evolution v. creationism is still an issue todayFundamentalists won, but teaching of evolution v. creationism is still an issue today