Measurement Notes Ms. Cannon Science

American System or English System

What is the system of measurement in the United States? The United States Customary System or American system - Based on units of “_______” It is sometimes called “___________________” Base Units: Length= Foot, Volume= Gallons, Mass/Weight=Pounds

Origins of the United States Customary System In all traditional measuring systems, short distance units are based on the dimensions of the ____________________. The ____________ represents the width of a thumb; In fact, in many languages, the word for "inch" is also the word for "thumb." The ________ (12 inches) was originally the length of a human foot Although it has evolved to be longer than most people's feet.

Origins of the United States Customary System The _________ (3 feet) seems to have gotten its start in England as the name of a 3-foot measuring stick BUT it is also understood to be the distance from the tip of the nose to the end of the middle finger of the outstretched hand. Finally, if you stretch your arms out to the sides as far as possible, your total "arm span“ from one fingertip to the other is a ____________(6 feet)

Origins of the United States Customary System The basic traditional unit of weight is the ___________. Originated as a Roman unit and was used throughout the Roman Empire. The Roman pound was divided into 12 ________.

Origins of the United States Customary System Longer distances in England are traditionally measured in miles. The _______ is a Roman unit, originally defined to be the length of 1000 paces of a Roman legion. A "pace" here means two steps, right and left, or about 5 feet, so the mile is a unit of roughly 5000 feet.

What is the Metric System? The ______________ is an system of measurement based: On the decimal; On a base of ten; On multiplying and divided by tens. A standard set of prefixes in ________of _____may be used to derive larger and smaller units from the _________. Base Units: grams (g) for ________ or mass; liter (L) for __________; meter (m) for _________.

Metric Prefixes Prefix Abbrev.__________________________________ Tera (T) Base x 1012 Giga (G) Base x 109 Mega (M) Base x 106 Kilo (k) Base x 103 Hecto (h) Base x 102 Deka (da) Base x 101 Base Deci (d) Base x 10-1 (Base ÷ 10) Centi (c) Base x 10-2 (Base ÷ 100) Milli (m) Base x 10-3 (Base ÷ 1,000) Micro (µ) Base x 10-6 (Base ÷ 1,000,000) Nano (n) Base x 10-9 (Base ÷ 1,000,000,000) Pico (p) Base x 10-12 (Base ÷ 1,000,000,000,000)

Where did the Metric System Originate? In 1790, in the midst of the French Revolution, the National Assembly of France requested the French Academy of Sciences to "deduce an invariable standard for all the measures and all the weights." Metric system was first adopted by _________ in 1791

Metric System Since the 1960s the International System of Units has been the internationally recognized standard metric system. "Système International d'Unités" in ________, which is why we call it the “_______“ or International System of Units for measurement.

The Metric System is like a Staircase!

How do I use the Metric Staircase?

Where is the Metric System Used? The International System of Units is the _______system of measurement for ____nations except for Myanmar, Liberia, and the ___________. Although the International System of Units is universally used in _______, and increasingly in medicine, government, and many sectors of industry.

Where is the Metric System Used?

Temperature Temperature is in the Metric System is measured in degrees __________. Temperature is in the English System is measured in degrees _______________. ____________ (T) – The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter. Measured in degrees __________ (K). .

Temperature Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius. Water boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit.

Temperature To convert from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Centigrade and vice versa: (ºF – 32) x 5/9 = Degrees Celsius (ºC x 9/5 ) + 32 = Degrees Fahrenheit To convert from degrees Celsius to Kelvins and vice versa: ºC+273 = Kelvin Kelvins – 273 = Degrees Celsius

Volume ___________ (____) is a measurement of how much space something takes up. Liquid base unit is _______, but also can be ______________for solids. Volume Formula for Solid Object V = length x width x height

Volume A doctors says, “I need 1 cc of insulin stat!” 1 milliliter of volume is _________to 1 centimeter cubed. _________= ________

Density __________ (____) is the mass of something (a.k.a. weight on Earth) divided by its volume. ρ is the Greek letter called _______. Formula for Density ρ = Mass ÷ volume = m/V Units are: grams per liter (g/L) OR grams per meters cubed (g/m3)

Metric to English Conversions Length 1 km = 0.62 Mi 1 Mi = 1.61 km  1 cm = 0.393 in 1 in = 2.54 cm  1 Mi = 5280 ft 1 ft = 30.48 cm  1 cm = 0.03275 ft

Metric to English Conversions Volume 1 L = 0.26 gal 1 gal = 3.85 L

Metric to English Conversions Weight 1 kg = 2.2 lbs 1 lb = 0.45 kg 1 metric ton = 1000 kg