Module 9 Mainstreaming in country monitoring systems Country-led environmental and climate change mainstreaming (specialist course) Training materials developed with the support of the European Commission

Performance measurement and monitoring: Key concepts 2

Objectives and related indicators/milestones Hierarchy of objectivesProgress measurement Overall objective(s) Specific objective(s) Intermediate results Inputs Impact indicators Outcome indicators Output indicators Milestones Input indicators Milestones OutcomesOutcomes ProcessProcess Adapted from: EC (2004), OECD (2002) 3

SMART indicators and targets 4 Indicators and targets should be: Specific to the related objectives Measurable Available at a reasonable cost Relevant to information needs of decision makers Time-bound Source: EC (2004)

Mainstreaming environment and climate change in monitoring systems 5

What should be monitored, and why? 6 Aspect to monitorRationale for monitoring Changes in environmental parameters that influence poverty/development in a significant manner Make decisions as well-informed as possible to take opportunities to enhance effects on poverty reduction and revert adverse trends Climate variability and change, impacts and vulnerabilities Make decisions as well informed as possible Support adaptive management Policy and institutional change Promote the institutionalisation of environmental and climate change mainstreaming Enhance transparency and accountability of the mainstreaming process Policy/Strategy implementation and outcomes Strengthen commitment to the objectives set in policies and strategies Stimulate the achievement of tangible outcomes

Environment and climate change in the national development monitoring system Environment and climate change monitoring should be integrated into wider national and specific development monitoring systems => Strengthen and adapt existing monitoring systems (incl. statistical systems) to integrate environment and climate change Build on existing institutions and sources of information but adapt statistical systems and data sources 7

Levels at which to measure environment- and climate-related performance Indicators and milestones related to environment/climate change and the associated response can be included in the PAFs (*) of environmental and climate change strategies and actions plans, but also those of: –national and sectoral development strategies and programmes –sub-national (e.g. regional, local) development plans –individual projects (logical framework) (*) Performance assessment frameworks Ultimate objective of mainstreaming! 8

Monitoring environment and climate change 9 Mainstreaming Meteorology, climate variability, environmental parameters Climate change Data collection, management and dissemination Strengthening of meteorological information & systems New patterns Emerging trends Projections, scenarios Tools for assessing impacts, vulnerabilities & risks Is the mainstreaming process based on reliable information?

Monitoring policy and institutional change 10 Mainstreaming Policy change Institutional change Integration of environment/climate change considerations in national & sector policies/strategies Development of adaptation- & mitigation- oriented policies & plans (e.g. DRR, REDD strategy) Development of environment-specific policies & plans (e.g. IWRM, biodiversity) Political leadership Institutional commitment Coordination & participatory mechanisms Procedures Systems Tools Capacity building programmes Is mainstreaming getting institutionalised at all levels?

Monitoring policy implementation and outcomes 11 Mainstreaming Implementation (inputs, outputs) Outcomes, impacts Increased allocation of resources (Inclusion of) environment/climate change (measures in) programmes/projects Implementation & enforcement of environment/climate change measures & regulations Reduced environmental degradation and its incidence on poverty/development Increased resilience of vulnerable groups (women, children, farmers, coastal communities,...) Increased resilience of key sectors Green growth, green jobs Environmentally sustainable, climate- resilient, low-emission development Does the mainstreaming process produce results and impacts?

Performance assessment frameworks and budget support 12

Role of PAFs in relation to budget support Progress measured against the PAF’s criteria and targets provides opportunities for policy dialogue in the context of budget support –Increasingly, the PAF associated with development and poverty reduction strategies is likely to include indicators and targets associated with environmental sustainability, climate change adaptation, disaster risk reduction, energy efficiency, etc. In the case of EC budget support, performance against a chosen sub-set of criteria and targets also determines the final amount of disbursements 13

Discussion and action planning 14

Turning words into action  Monitoring environment and climate change  Monitoring policy and institutional change  Monitoring policy implementation and outcomes 15 What can be done and what are the institutional and capacity needs in your country/sector of responsibility?

Recap – Key messages Environment and climate monitoring, and monitoring of responses for environmental sustainability and climate change, should be integrated into existing development monitoring systems –This is a key aspect of the mainstreaming process Multiple aspects can be subject to monitoring –The state of environmental variables closely linked to poverty and development –Climate variability and change and their impacts –Changes in policies and institutions –The implementation and outcomes of adaptation and mitigation measures 16

Key references World Bank report on Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture and Natural Resources Management Projects – adaptation-climate-change-agriculture-and-natural-resources- management-projecthttp://climatechange.worldbank.org/content/mainstreaming- adaptation-climate-change-agriculture-and-natural-resources- management-project European Commission Guidance on the Integration of Environment and Climate Change in Development Cooperation – _en.htmhttp://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/infopoint/publications/europeaid/172a _en.htm 17

References EC (2004) Project Cycle Management Guidelines. Aid Delivery Methods series, Volume 1. European Commission, Brussels. Available from: nes_2004_en.pdf nes_2004_en.pdf EC (2009) Guidance on Integration of the Environment and Climate Change in Development Cooperation. EuropeAid Tools and Methods Series Guidelines No. 4, Brussels. Available from: OECD (2002) Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation and Results Based Management. OECD Publishing, Paris. Available from: World Bank (n.d.) Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture and Natural Resources Management Projects. World Bank, Washington, DC. Guidance Note #8 – Monitoring and Evaluation of Adaptation Activities. [Online] Available from: change-agriculture-and-natural-resources-management-project change-agriculture-and-natural-resources-management-project 18