Growth of the American Colonies Ch. 1 Section 3 Notes Growth of the American Colonies

I. England’s Colonial Policies English colonies in North America provided England with raw materials and bought English goods England believed in Mercantilism, collecting as much gold as possible, and wanted to create a favorable balance of trade, bringing more gold in the country than out

Navigation ACTS 1. 13 colonies could only trade with England 2. Required use of ships made in England or colonies 3. No foreign competition (France, Spain, Portugal) 4. Required duty, tax; had to visit England before selling to other countries Salutary Neglect-England did not enforce the acts until 1763

Origins of Self-Government In most colonies, a governor was appointed by a king, and under him served a colonial legislature Only male landowners allowed to vote Most white males did not own land

Colonial Regionalism-Economies I. Southern Colonies (Virginia, Maryland, Georgia, Carolina’s) 1. Cash Crops: Tobacco and Rice 2. Required lots of land and labor

Middle Colonies Maryland north to New York 1. “Bread Basket Colonies”-wheat, barley, rye 2. Large cities with diverse populations; merchants/traders

New England colonies 1. American point of triangular trade, which also included Europe and Africa

African Americans in the Colonies Middle Passage-See triangular trade pg. 27; Forced transport of slaves from Africa to Americas used in the South to cultivate tobacco used in New England and Middle colonies, housework, cooks, et. denied the right to travel or organize with slaves in other regions Few free blacks; had limited opportunities (no vote)

Emerging Tensions in the Colonies Growth in the number of immigrants (Scotch-Irish, Germans) Moved past the Ohio Valley Caused trouble with native Americans Great Awakening-Revival of Puritan religious faith. Methodist and Baptist emerge in the South, with the idea that no group of people was better than another