Audio and Video Streaming Created by: Thanh Ly, Liqin Zhang, Ronald Togelang, Hector Frausto Modified by: N. Ganesan

AUDIO STREAMING OVERVIEW Audio File Features Audio Streaming Concept Audio Streaming Advantages Audio Streaming Applications Audio Streaming Format Audio Streaming Products

Audio File Features Audio file is a record of captured sound that can be played back –e.g..WAV File Audio files are compressed for storage or faster transmission Requires high bandwidth to transfer across the network

LAN, Intranet, Internet Audio Streaming Concept.WAV Live Broadcast.ASF,.WMA Real Producer.RM Windows Media Encoder Real Producer 7.0  PC Audio Format  PC Windows Media Streaming Software

Audio Streaming Concept Analog-to-Digital modulation Streaming audio technologies relies on:  Sound sequences  Compression schemes Compression schemes (encoding) decreases the audio’s bandwidth requirements:  Lowering the audio’s sampling rate  Filtering high frequencies  Performing other waveform transformation

Digitization of Audio Recalled Sampling Frequency –11,000 Hz for example Sampling depth –6 bits for example Channels –Mono or stereo

Audio Streaming Advantages Real time audio content. Low bandwidth media used. No waiting for downloading audio file. Internet users can enjoy a live online program.

Audio Streaming Applications Long-distance or automated training Seminars Concerts Speeches Music samples Online corporate messages Hear the news / Radio

Audio Formats Microsoft Windows Media Formats –.avi,.asf,.asx,.rmi,.wav. wma Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG) –.mp3 Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) –.mid,.rmi Apple Quick Time, Macintosh AIFF Resource –.qt,.aif,.aifc,.aiff,.mov UNIX Formats –.au,.snd

Audio Streaming Products Window Media Technologies (Microsoft) RealSystem G2 (RealNetworks) Shockwave Streaming Audio (Macromedia) IBM Bamba (IBM) Streamworks (Xing Technology) Media Player (Netscape)

Windows Media Technologies by Microsoft Leading digital media platform. Windows Media Technologies consist of : –Windows Media Player –Windows Media Services –Windows Media Tools –Windows Media SDK Free download at dia/ dia/

Windows Media Technologies Windows Media Audio codec provides FM- radio-quality sound at half the bit rate of MP3 Integration with other Microsoft products (Windows NT Server, Microsoft Site Server, Microsoft BackOffice) Digital rights management Advanced Compression Technology Broadcasting

WMT Advantages Wide bandwidth range Intelligent streaming Multiple bit rate encoding High scalability Built-in multicast service Seamless stream switching Easy Internet Radio Distribution

Real Networks High quality streaming audio at all bandwidths on both the Internet and corporate Intranets. Support realtime and on-demand, all sounds (stereo and mono) Take advantage of key features of Window 2000 (load balancing, clustering, stability) Operating systems as Window NT, Linux, Sun Solaris

Real System G2 Products & Advantages RealPlayer 8 –Over 150 live radio stations built-in, superb audio RealProducer 7 –Streaming Software; Efficient encoding; Reach the widest possible audience; choice of operating systems RealPresenter G2 –Live/recorded capability; Presentation Manager

RealSystem G2 Products & Advantages RealSlideshow 2 –Combine pictures with music or speech, customize the layout of presentation RealServer 7 –60 simultaneous sessions of live or on-demand streaming; Near CD quality Internet audio Free download at: –

Video Streaming Video Streaming Objective Streaming Advantages Video Streaming Architecture Compression and Decompression-codec MPEG 1-4 Introduction Major Products and Features Comparison

Video Streaming Objective The object is to overcome the negative effects of physical distance and network technology limitation.

Streaming Advantages Reduce setup time Reduction in client storage requirement Video can be viewed in real time Transmission signals over low bandwidth facilities

Video Streaming Architecture Content Creation/Capture Content Management Content Formatting (Compression) Delivery Distribution Presentation (Viewing) View Control

Video Capture Converting analog to video signals –A special video capture card to convert the analog signals to digital form and compresses the data. –Also digital video devices that can capture images and transfer to a computer

Content Management Critical in video server The purpose including create, collect, catalog, organize, store, and access to massive multimedia information database

Video Input Formats AVI ActiveMovie Cinepak Indeo motion-JPEG MPEG QuickTime RealVideo Video for Windows XGA

Video Formats AVI & ASF Developed by Microsoft AVI (Audio Video Interleaved) - limited to 320x240 resolution - 30 frames per second ASF (Advanced Streaming Format) - Has been submitted to ISO for standardization - Expected to replace AVI format

Standard Window Size 320X X480

Frame Rates 4-6 fps –Absolute minimum for video conferencing fps –The norm for video conferencing 30 fps –Full motion video

Codec (Compressor/Decompressor) Coding techniques to compress video data The newest codec change their sampling rate as they run Choice of codec is the biggest factor to determine the bandwidth needed to connect the server and receive content Many of the codecs follow international standards

Content Compression MPEG (A working group of ISO) - The most common standard for video compression and file formats - Generally produce better quality video than other formats - High compression rate - MPEG1, MPEG2, MPEG3 and MPEG4

MPEG-1 MPEG-1 was designed for coding progressive video at a transmission rate of about 1.5 million bits per second. It was designed specifically for Video-CD and CD-i media. MPEG-1 audio layer-3 (MP3) has also evolved from early MPEG work.

MPEG-2 MPEG-2 was designed for coding interlaced images at transmission rates above 4 million bits per second. MPEG-2 is used for digital TV broadcast and DVD. An MPEG-2 player can handle MPEG-1 data as well.

MPEG-3 A proposed MPEG-3 standard, intended for High Definition TV (HDTV), was merged with the MPEG-2 standard when it became apparent that the MPEG-2 standard met the HDTV requirements.

MPEG-4 An MPEG-4 standard is in the final stages of development and release. It is a much more ambitious standard and addresses speech and video synthesis, fractal geometry, computer visualization, and an artificial intelligence (AI) approach to reconstructing images.

Major Products Microsoft Windows Media Technologies ia/ RealSystem G2

Comparison WMT –vs- RealSystem G2 Head to head comparison Feature Comparison More Information wsmedia/ wsmedia/

Comparison WMT –vs- RealSystem G2 Cost Analysis - Prepared by Approach, Inc., Key findings - Both streaming products results in positive returns on investment - Microsoft solution is more economical than the RealNetwork solution Download in Word formatDownload

Audio Streaming Architecture Creating Audio File Demonstration of Streaming Software Demo of Streaming Process –Windows Media Encoder –RealProducer 7 Basic Play the Audio File

Creating Audio File Record From File –Audio files located in your hard drive Record Form Media Device –Media device such as Microphone, CD Player, PC Camera, etc. Live Broadcast –Broadcast live media stream from your computer

Installation of Streaming Software Windows Media Tools –Windows Media Encoder RealSystems G2 –RealProducer 7 Basic

Windows Media Technologies Download Windows Media Tools

RealSystem G2 Download RealProducer

Playing Audio File Windows Media Player RealPlayer

Windows Media Player 7

Download RealPlayer

Real Player 7.0 Basic

Video Streaming Presentation Active Streaming Format (ASF) - MS Defacto standard for streaming video. Real Media (RM) - Real’s standard for streaming video

Video Streaming Codec selections from Real Media.

Video Streaming Codec Selections from Windows Media.

Video Streaming Streaming with Real Producer. Real Producer. - C:\Program Files\REAL\RealProducer\realprod.exe C:\Program Files\REAL\RealProducer\realprod.exe

Video Streaming Streaming with Windows Media Encoder. Windows Media. - C:\Program Files\Windows Media Components\Tools\NsRex.exe C:\Program Files\Windows Media Components\Tools\NsRex.exe

Video Streaming Using Windows Media Player. - C:\Program Files\Windows Media Player\mplayer2.exe C:\Program Files\Windows Media Player\mplayer2.exe

Video Streaming Streamed file size comparison. - C:\WINDOWS\EXPLORER.SCFC:\WINDOWS\EXPLORER.SCF Unstreamed *.AVI file = 155,290 KB RealMedia Streamed file *.RM = 483 KB Windows Media Streamed file *.ASF = 1,283 KB

Video Streaming Statistics

Video Streaming Live feed Video Capture. - C:\Program Files\Logitech\Logitech QuickCam\QuickCam.exe C:\Program Files\Logitech\Logitech QuickCam\QuickCam.exe Stream from live feed. - C:\Program Files\REAL\RealProducer\realprod.exe C:\Program Files\REAL\RealProducer\realprod.exe - C:\Program Files\Windows Media Components\Tools\NsRex.exeC:\Program Files\Windows Media Components\Tools\NsRex.exe

Audio/Video Streaming Summary Capture Audio/Video –Create your file Install the streaming software –Windows Media Tools –RealProducer 7 Basic

Audio/Video Streaming Summary Play the Audio Stream File –Windows Media Player 7 a/ a/ –RealPlayer 7 Basic

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