Eun Mee Kim* & Jae Eun Lee** * Dean & Professor, Graduate School of International Studies Director, Institute for Development and Human Security Ewha Womans University ** Ph. D. Candidate, Graduate School of International Studies Ewha Womans University DSA Conference November 3, 2012

Table of Contents I. Introduction II. From Aid to Development Effectiveness III. New Global Partnership IV. South Koreas Challenges as an Emerging Donor 2

I. Introduction Global Partnership for Effective Development New global development cooperation framework launched Growing importance of emerging donors influence in development activities South Korea as an emerging donor Joined OECD DAC as 24 th member Hosted G20 Summit Meeting (2010) & Busan HLF-4 (2011) Led discussion and efforts towards a new global framework Encouraged participation of emerging donors (including BRICs) Steering Committee of Global Partnership Representative of providers of development cooperation (with EU and US) 3

II. From Aid to Development Effectiveness 1. Evolution of Aid Effectiveness Framework Millennium Development Goals by 2015 Monterrey Consensus (2002) Commitment to increase development finance HLF-1 (First High-Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness), Rome (2003) Need for more effective management of aid for maximization of development impact Led by OECD/DAC WP-EFF Aid Harmonization 4

II. From Aid to Development Effectiveness 1. Evolution of Aid Effectiveness Framework HLF-2, Paris (2005) Paris Declaration endorsed 5 Principles: Ownership, Alignment, Harmonization, Results- based Management, Mutual Accountability Practical and action-oriented roadmap by 2010: Goals with specific indicators & target years, monitoring process HLF-3, Accra (2008) Accelerate and deepen implementation of the Paris Declaration Three areas for improvement: Ownership, Inclusive Partnership, Delivering Results 5

II. From Aid to Development Effectiveness 1. Evolution of Aid Effectiveness Framework Analysis of the Paris Declaration Monitoring Survey (OECD, 2011): Real, but slow and uneven results Real changes in aid management and delivery practices Paris Principle as global norms for development cooperation Targets far from being universally achieved An Increasingly Complex Development Environment New Global Development Challenges including food insecurity, climate change and armed conflict Enlarging role for different actors and stakeholders Aid as a catalyst of development - complementary to other development resources 6

II. From Aid to Development Effectiveness 2. HLF-4, Busan (2011) The most inclusive agreement on global development cooperation 2,500 participants: (1) 160 donor and partner countries including South-South partners; and (2) 70 international organizations, NGOs, congresses, and business corporations Negotiating status given to diverse development stakeholders on an equal footing: NGOs, business corporations Reaffirmed commitment for MDGs and sustainable development 7

II. From Aid to Development Effectiveness 2. HLF-4, Busan (2011) Busan Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation (Outcome Document) Shared Principles: Ownership of development priorities by developing countries Focus on results Inclusive development partnerships Transparency and accountability Shared Principles of ownership, results and accountability are directly derived from the Paris Principle New Commitments: Inclusive partnerships; Transparency 8

II. From Aid to Development Effectiveness Commitments for Effective Development: South-South Cooperation and Triangular Cooperation Private Sector and Development Combating Corruption and Illicit Flows Climate Change Finance Commitments for Effectiveness of Development Cooperation : Ownership, Results and Accountability Transparent and Responsible Cooperation Sustainable Development in Situations of Conflict and Fragility Strengthening Resilience and Reducing Vulnerability 9

II. From Aid to Development Effectiveness 2. HLF-4, Busan (2011) Focus shifts from technical aid effectiveness towards new development effectiveness agenda Development effectiveness is a progressively more ambitious agenda, more complex, and can create difficulties in operationalization and evaluation Concerns about the unfinished business of Paris and Accra Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation as the New Framework is launched (June 2012) 10

III. New Global Partnership (June ) 1. Governance (1) Ministerial Meeting Reviews progress in implementing Busan commitments Meets every months, alternating back-to-back with UNCDF (UN Capital Development Fund) and OECD DAC High Level Meetings (2) Steering Committee Steers the work of the ministerial meeting including strategic priorities and agenda Acts as Ambassadors of Global Partnership to other international/regional processes 3 Co-Chairs and 15 Steering Committee Members 11 Ministerial Meeting Steering Committee Secretariat: OECD/ UNDP Agenda & Priorities Tasks & Assignments Guidance Support

(3) Secretariat: OECD & UNDP UNDP will partner with OECD to support the new framework UNDP newly joined the secretariat for the new framework Helps strengthen legitimacy of the HLF process and the new framework for universal rules and norms Division of labor: OECD: Analytical expertise UNDP: Brings breadth based on international development work in the field 12

(4) Monitoring Indicators and Process Global Monitoring of the Busan Partnership Participation of South-South providers in the monitoring framework is voluntary 10 Indicators: Efforts to reduce burden associated with collecting data Indicators on civil society, private sector, and gender equality newly introduced Indicators on civil society & private sector to be further discussed and detailed definitions and measurement issues to be finalized by late 2012 (Hong 2012) Target Year:

14 Paris PrincipleHLF-4 Shared Principles HLF-4 Commitments for Effective DC HLF-4 Commitments for Effective Development HLF-4 Indicators for Monitoring Ownership Ownership, Results and Accountability South-South and Triangular Cooperation Results AlignmentFocus on ResultsTransparent and Responsible Cooperation Private Sector and Development Civil Society HarmonizationInclusive Development Partnerships Sustainable Development in Conflict and Fragile Situations Combating Corruption and Illicit Flows Private Sector Managing for Results Transparency and Accountability Resilience and Reducing Vulnerability Climate Change FinanceTransparency Mutual Accountability Predictability Parliamentary Scrutiny Mutual Accountability Gender Equality Effective Institutions - Using developing countries system Aid Untying Comparison of HLF Principles

III. New Global Partnership 2. Remaining Challenges (1) Loose alliance in order to encourage participation of emerging donors Differentiated commitments to encourage South-South partners participation in the new framework Reduce commitments to common principles as voluntary for South-South Cooperation of BRICS (2) Need to ensure monitoring of implementation (3) Follow-up Process Impact of the Busan Partnership depends on follow-up Ensure that monitoring indicators are applied to traditional donors and gradually extended to other HLF-4 stakeholders (Oxfam 2012) 15

IV. South Koreas Challenges as an Emerging Donor 1. Leadership in the Steering Committee Further strengthen South-South partners political commitment Contributed to active participation of South-South partners in the Busan Partnership Bridging Role between traditional and emerging donors Steering Committee South Korea is 1 of 3 representatives of Providers of Development Cooperation Co-Chairs (Ministerial Level): Ms. Armida Alisjahbana, Minister of State for National Development Planning, Indonesia Ms. Justine Greening, Secretary of State for International Development, U.K. Ms. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Minister of Finance, Nigeria Steering Committee Members (Senior Level): Representatives of Recipients (5), Recipient and Providers (1), Providers (3) of Development Cooperation, Private Sector (1), Parliamentarians (1), Civil Society (1), Multilateral Development Banks(1), UNDP/UNDG (1), and OECD/DAC (1) 16

Steering Committee Members 17 Recipients (5)Mr. Brahim Adoum Bachar, Secretary General, Ministry of Economy and PlanningChad Mr. Luis Fernando Carrera Castro, Secretary for Planning and Programming, PresidencyGuatemala Mr. Iqbal Mahmood, Senior Secretary, Ministry of FinanceBangladesh Ms. Noumea Simi, Assistant Chief Executive Officer, Ministry of FinanceSamoa Mr. Helder da Costa, Director of the International Secretariat of the G7+, Ministry of FinanceTimor-Leste Recipients & Providers (1) Mr. Luis Olivera, Executive Director, Peruvian Agency for International Cooperation (APCI)Peru Providers (3)Mr. Gustavo Martin Prada, DirectorEC Ms. Enna Park, Director General for Development Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade South Korea Mr. Donald Steinberg, Deputy Administrator, US Agency for International DevelopmentU.S. Private Sector (1)John Sullivan, Center for International Private Enterprise Parliamentarians (1)Mr. Martin Chungong, Director, Division of Programmes, Inter-Parliamentary Union Civil Society (1)Ms. Mayra Moro-Coco, BetterAid Multilateral Development Banks (1) Ms. Sophie Sirtaine, Director, Corporate Reform and Strategy, Operations Policy and Country Services, World Bank UNDP/UNDG(1)Ms. Sigrid Kaag, Assistant Secretary General and Assistant Administrator, Bureau for External Relations and Advocacy, UNDP OECD/DAC (1)Mr. Brian Atwood, Chair, Development Assistance Committee, OECD

IV. South Koreas Challenges as an Emerging Donor 2. Develop National Strategy for Global Partnership Reform policies and processes for development cooperation More coherent and harmonized approach based on agreement by diverse actors 18

IV. South Koreas Challenges as an Emerging Donor 3. Strengthen Political Support for ODA Strong political commitment of the new President (2013-) Reaffirmation of goals of South Koreas ODA: Volume and Global leadership Continued improvement of the Aid System Increase participation and involvement of CSOs Human resource building at home: Education and training of development cooperation experts 19

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