Chapter 20 – The Cardiovascular System: Blood $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Functions of the Blood / Plasma Composition Erythrocytes, Hemoglobin, and Blood Types Leukocytes Platelets and Hemopoiesis Clinical Correlatives FINAL ROUND

Topic 1: $100 Question Which of the following organs/structures synthesizes more than 90 percent of the plasma proteins? a. thymus b. spleen c. liver d. red bone marrow BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: $100 Answer Which of the following organs/structures synthesizes more than 90 percent of the plasma proteins? a. thymus b. spleen c. liver d. red bone marrow BACK TO GAME

Topic 1: $200 Question The blood does not function in: a. delivery of hormones and enzymes to target tissues. b. transport of metabolic wastes from sites of excretion to peripheral tissues. c. stabilization of body temperature. d. defense against toxins and pathogens. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: $200 Answer The blood does not function in: a. delivery of hormones and enzymes to target tissues. b. transport of metabolic wastes from sites of excretion to peripheral tissues. c. stabilization of body temperature. d. defense against toxins and pathogens. BACK TO GAME

Topic 1: $300 Question Which of the following protein components of plasma are major contributors to the osmotic pressure of plasma, and also transport lipids and steroid hormones? a. globulins b. fibrinogens c. regulatory proteins d. albumins BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: $300 Answer Which of the following protein components of plasma are major contributors to the osmotic pressure of plasma, and also transport lipids and steroid hormones? a. globulins b. fibrinogens c. regulatory proteins d. albumins BACK TO GAME

Topic 1: $400 Question Which of the following statements regarding the differences between plasma and interstitial fluid is/are true? a. The dissolved oxygen concentration in plasma is higher than that of interstitial fluid. b. Interstitial fluid contains significant quantities of dissolved proteins; whereas, plasma does not. c. The carbon dioxide concentration in plasma is much higher than that of interstitial fluid. d. a and b BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: $400 Answer Which of the following statements regarding the differences between plasma and interstitial fluid is/are true? a. The dissolved oxygen concentration in plasma is higher than that of interstitial fluid. b. Interstitial fluid contains significant quantities of dissolved proteins; whereas, plasma does not. c. The carbon dioxide concentration in plasma is much higher than that of interstitial fluid. d. a and b BACK TO GAME

Topic 1: $500 Question Antibodies, which attack foreign substances and pathogens, are part of which class of plasma proteins? a. fibrinogen b. regulatory proteins c. albumins d. globulins BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 1: $500 Answer Antibodies, which attack foreign substances and pathogens, are part of which class of plasma proteins? a. fibrinogen b. regulatory proteins c. albumins d. globulins BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: $100 Question The hematocrit value indicates: a. the percentage of whole blood contributed by leukocytes. b. the percentage of whole blood contributed by formed elements. c. the percentage of whole blood contributed by platelets. d. the percentage of whole blood contributed by albumins and globulins. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: $100 Answer The hematocrit value indicates: a. the percentage of whole blood contributed by leukocytes. b. the percentage of whole blood contributed by formed elements. c. the percentage of whole blood contributed by platelets. d. the percentage of whole blood contributed by albumins and globulins. BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: $200 Question A typical circulating red blood cell lacks: a. a nucleus, mitochondria, and cytoskeletal elements. b. a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. c. mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and cytoskeletal elements. d. a nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoskeletal elements. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: $200 Answer A typical circulating red blood cell lacks: a. a nucleus, mitochondria, and cytoskeletal elements. b. a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. c. mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and cytoskeletal elements. d. a nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoskeletal elements. BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: $300 Question Regarding the percentage of the U.S. population with each blood type, which of the following represents the lowest percentage, on average? a. Type O b. Type A c. Type B d. Type AB BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: $300 Answer Regarding the percentage of the U.S. population with each blood type, which of the following represents the lowest percentage, on average? a. Type O b. Type A c. Type B d. Type AB BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: $400 Question Which of the following statements regarding blood types is/are true? a. An individual’s blood type is determined by the presence or absence of specific components in leukocyte cell membranes. b. The surface antigens on the cells involved with blood types are glycoproteins or glycolipids. c. At least 250 different kinds of surface antigens have been localized on the surface of the cells involved in blood type determination. d. b and c BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: $400 Answer Which of the following statements regarding blood types is/are true? a. An individual’s blood type is determined by the presence or absence of specific components in leukocyte cell membranes. b. The surface antigens on the cells involved with blood types are glycoproteins or glycolipids. c. At least 250 different kinds of surface antigens have been localized on the surface of the cells involved in blood type determination. d. b and c BACK TO GAME

Topic 2: $500 Question Which of the following statements regarding blood types is false? a. Individuals with Type AB blood have surface antigens A and B, and neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies. b. Individuals with Type B blood have surface antigen B and anti-A antibodies. c. Individuals with Type O blood have neither A or B surface antigens, and neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies. d. None of the above is false. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 2: $500 Answer Which of the following statements regarding blood types is false? a. Individuals with Type AB blood have surface antigens A and B, and neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies. b. Individuals with Type B blood have surface antigen B and anti-A antibodies. c. Individuals with Type O blood have neither A or B surface antigens, and neither anti-A or anti-B antibodies. d. None of the above is false. BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: $100 Question Which of the following granular leukocytes migrate to sites of injury and discharge their histamine-containing granules into the interstitial fluids, which dilate blood vessels? a. eosinophils b. neutrophils c. acidophils d. basophils BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: $100 Answer Which of the following granular leukocytes migrate to sites of injury and discharge their histamine-containing granules into the interstitial fluids, which dilate blood vessels? a. eosinophils b. neutrophils c. acidophils d. basophils BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: $200 Question Which of the following white blood cells account for 2-4% of the total leukocytes? a. basophils b. eosinophils c. neutrophils d. lymphocytes BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: $200 Answer Which of the following white blood cells account for 2-4% of the total leukocytes? a. basophils b. eosinophils c. neutrophils d. lymphocytes BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: $300 Question Which of the following leukocytes, also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have their cytoplasm packed with pale granules containing lysosomal enzymes and bactericidal compounds? a. basophils b. eosinophils c. lymphocytes d. monocytes BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: $300 Answer Which of the following leukocytes, also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have their cytoplasm packed with pale granules containing lysosomal enzymes and bactericidal compounds? a. basophils b. eosinophils c. lymphocytes d. monocytes BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: $400 Question T-cells, B-cells, and NK cells are examples of: a. monocytes. b. basophils. c. lymphocytes. d. eosinophils. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: $400 Answer T-cells, B-cells, and NK cells are examples of: a. monocytes. b. basophils. c. lymphocytes. d. eosinophils. BACK TO GAME

Topic 3: $500 Question While phagocytizing at an injury site, active macrophages also release chemicals that attract and stimulate ____, which begin producing scar tissue. a.monocytes b. fibroblasts c. lymphocytes d. platelets BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 3: $500 Answer While phagocytizing at an injury site, active macrophages also release chemicals that attract and stimulate ____, which begin producing scar tissue. a.monocytes b. fibroblasts c. lymphocytes d. platelets BACK TO GAME

Topic 4: $100 Question Which of the following cells give rise to lymphoid stem cells? a. megakaryocytes b. progenitor cells c. pluripotent stem cells d. myelocytes BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 4: $100 Answer Which of the following cells give rise to lymphoid stem cells? a. megakaryocytes b. progenitor cells c. pluripotent stem cells d. myelocytes BACK TO GAME

Topic 4: $200 Question Which of the following statement regarding platelets is/are true? a. Platelets are continually replaced, and an individual platelet circulates for days before being removed by phagocytes. b. About half of the platelets in the body, at any moment, are held in the spleen and other vascular organs. c. A microliter of circulating blood contains an average of 250,000 platelets. d. All of the above are true. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 4: $200 Answer Which of the following statement regarding platelets is/are true? a. Platelets are continually replaced, and an individual platelet circulates for days before being removed by phagocytes. b. About half of the platelets in the body, at any moment, are held in the spleen and other vascular organs. c. A microliter of circulating blood contains an average of 250,000 platelets. d. All of the above are true. BACK TO GAME

Topic 4: $300 Question Which of the following stem cells ultimately give rise to all blood cells, in a series of separate steps? a. pluripotential stem cells (PPSC) or hemocytoblasts b. multipotential myeloid stem cells c. multipotential lymphoid stem cells d. progenitor cells BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 4: $300 Answer Which of the following stem cells ultimately give rise to all blood cells, in a series of separate steps? a. pluripotential stem cells (PPSC) or hemocytoblasts b. multipotential myeloid stem cells c. multipotential lymphoid stem cells d. progenitor cells BACK TO GAME

Topic 4: $400 Question Myeloid stem cells divide to form ____ different types of stem cells, including two that are responsible for the production of red blood cells and ____. a. 3, hemocytoblasts b. 6, hemocytoblasts c. 5, megakaryocytes d. 4, megakaryocytes BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 4: $400 Answer Myeloid stem cells divide to form ____ different types of stem cells, including two that are responsible for the production of red blood cells and ____. a. 3, hemocytoblasts b. 6, hemocytoblasts c. 5, megakaryocytes d. 4, megakaryocytes BACK TO GAME

Topic 4: $500 Question Band cells do not give rise to: a. basophils and neutrophils. b. monocytes and lymphocytes. c. eosinophils and neutrophils. d. basophils and eosinophils. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 4: $500 Answer Band cells do not give rise to: a. basophils and neutrophils. b. monocytes and lymphocytes. c. eosinophils and neutrophils. d. basophils and eosinophils. BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: $100 Question Plasma expanders provide a temporary solution to which of the following conditions? a. hypervolemia b. anemia c. hypovolemia d. aplastic anemia BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: $100 Answer Plasma expanders provide a temporary solution to which of the following conditions? a. hypervolemia b. anemia c. hypovolemia d. aplastic anemia BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: $200 Question Which of the following conditions results from an increase in the numbers of all types of blood cells? a. erythrocytosis b. polycythemia vera c. hypovolemia d. anemia BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: $200 Answer Which of the following conditions results from an increase in the numbers of all types of blood cells? a. erythrocytosis b. polycythemia vera c. hypovolemia d. anemia BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: $300 Question Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell anemia is false? a. An individual with sickle cell anemia carries two copies of the abnormal gene – one from each parent. b. Today, sickle cell anemia affects approximately 0.2% of the African-American population, and from 0.07 to 0.1% of Hispanic-Americans. c. In an individual with the sickling trait, susceptibility to malaria is extremely high. d. None of the above is false. BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: $300 Answer Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell anemia is false? a. An individual with sickle cell anemia carries two copies of the abnormal gene – one from each parent. b. Today, sickle cell anemia affects approximately 0.2% of the African-American population, and from 0.07 to 0.1% of Hispanic-Americans. c. In an individual with the sickling trait, susceptibility to malaria is extremely high. d. None of the above is false. BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: $400 Question Which of the following conditions refers to an inadequate number of white blood cells? a. leukopenia b. anemia c. leukocytosis d. diapedesis BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: $400 Answer Which of the following conditions refers to an inadequate number of white blood cells? a. leukopenia b. anemia c. leukocytosis d. diapedesis BACK TO GAME

Topic 5: $500 Question Which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is/are true? a. Transfusion of clotting factors can often reduce or control the symptoms of hemophilia, but pooling of samples must occur beforehand. b. Hemophilia incidence is about 1 in 100,000, with males accounting for 80-90% of those affected. c. In severe cases of hemophilia, hemorrhages may occur spontaneously at joints and around muscles. d. a and c BACK TO GAME ANSWER

Topic 5: $500 Answer Which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is/are true? a. Transfusion of clotting factors can often reduce or control the symptoms of hemophilia, but pooling of samples must occur beforehand. b. Hemophilia incidence is about 1 in 100,000, with males accounting for 80-90% of those affected. c. In severe cases of hemophilia, hemorrhages may occur spontaneously at joints and around muscles. d. a and c BACK TO GAME

FINAL ROUND Question Which of the following indicates the average abundance of leukocytes, per μl, in descending order? a. lymphocytes – neutrophils – monocytes – eosinophils - basophils b. neutrophils – lymphocytes - monocytes – eosinophils - basophils c. neutrophils – lymphocytes - monocytes – basophils - eosinophils d. neutrophils – monocytes – eosinophils - lymphocytes - basophils BACK TO GAME ANSWER

FINAL ROUND Answer Which of the following indicates the average abundance of leukocytes, per μl, in descending order? a. lymphocytes – neutrophils – monocytes – eosinophils - basophils b. neutrophils – lymphocytes - monocytes – eosinophils - basophils c. neutrophils – lymphocytes - monocytes – basophils - eosinophils d. neutrophils – monocytes – eosinophils - lymphocytes - basophils BACK TO GAME