Humanistic Theory and Social Cognitive Theory

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Presentation transcript:

Humanistic Theory and Social Cognitive Theory Psychology 12 Ms. Rebecca

Today: How do people develop “healthy”personalities acc to the Humanistic Theory? How is therapy organized with this method? What does the Social Cognitive theory say are the 3 things you need to know about someone to understand their personality? What is internal vs. External locus of control? Define the following: congruence, acculturation

Now let’s learn about the other theories: 1. Humanistic Theory 2. Social Cognitive Theory

Humanistic Perspective Focuses on: Conscious experiences Free will and creativity Studies all factors of the human condition

Abraham Maslow Hierarchy of needs:

People who are self-actualized: Know and like who they are Flexible and spontaneous Loving and caring Don’t care about what others think Focused on a life mission Have deep relationships, not superficial ones Have had amazing experiences that have changed the way they live their lives.

Carl Rogers People need certain things to be able to reach self-actualization.

Congruence When you are right about yourself. You think you are good at math and you ARE good at math. This is important for positive self-esteem.

Unconditional positive regard

Other things that can help people to grow and thrive: Being genuine: freely express your feelings Emathy: share thoughts and feelings and try to understand the thoughts and feelings of others.

Problems with the Humanistic Perspective: Vague terms: “spontaneous”, “loving”…… Never say “No”?! Despite the negatives, Humanistic psychology has helped people to study human strengths and virtues instead of only problems.

How do we develop self-esteem? When we are young: From other people like our parents. -Unconditional love helps kids to have high self-esteem But if parents only show love when children act a certain way, children may not feel good about themselves.

So, You need to learn to be true to yourself – person-centered therapy – and not rely on how others feel about you. http://www.tir.org/metapsy/missing_person_files/environment.gif

Summary Psychoanalytic Theory- we’re products of our childhood and unconscious feelings Humanistic Theory-We’re products of our own choice

4.Social Cognitive Theory Combines research on social behavior, cognition, and learning http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v205/SoH/Ethnicity.gif

Albert Bandura To understand personality, you need to think about Situation How the person thinks How the person interacts socially

Interacting With Our Environment Reciprocal determinism Personality AND environment affect behavior. 3 factors: 1. your thoughts 2. your environment 3. your behaviors

Coach Currey’s Big Loss Normally, Mr. Currey is very pleasant to be around: But sometimes:

Girls Softball Coaching = the worst 1. Change in behavior on field. 2. perception of situation. Confidence in coaching… 3. Elements of situation- zero effort.

Personal Control Do you feel in control of your life or does your environment control you?

Locus of Control Internal Locus of Control: you control your own fate External Locus of Control: Fate is a result of outside forces you can’t control.

Learned Helplessness

Can people Unlearn helplessness? Yes! Give them a sense of control again: tv control in prison, arranging things in nursing home….

Optimism is important Problems are temporary, not totally your fault. BUT be careful of being too optimistic!

How do Social-cognitive theorists do experiments? Put people in situations and see what they do. Vary the situation to look for personality consistencies. Or look at past behaviors.

Acculturation Adapting to your environment to try to fit into the culture.

Problems with the Social-Cognitive method Good because it helps us to realize that situations CAN affect behavior and personality BUT are we ONLY a product of what we learn? Rewards and punishments? What about greed, revenge, shyness?

Review: How do people develop “healthy”personalities acc to the Humanistic Theory? How is therapy organized with this method? What does the Social Cognitive theory say are the 3 things you need to know about someone to understand their personality? What is internal vs. External locus of control? Define the following: congruence, acculturation

How can we REALLY understand personality? Look at ALL of the perspectives TOGETHER! Homework: Finish reading pp333-337 and pp350-358 Next time: Personality Box Assignment!

Introduce Personality Boxes So far we have learned about: Big 5 Trait Theory Psychoanalytical Theory Humanistic Theory Social Cognitive Theory You can describe what each theory says and choose any 2 aspects of those 3 theories that you think you represent in your personality. Just make sure you can think of a visual representation to include in your box too! That means for EACH of these areas you need 2 objects in your box.