Persistence of Segregation in the United States: A Century of Inequality John R. Logan Brown University

New York City Before 1900

The Early Phase of the Great Migration

1920 Black Neighborhoods in New York

Segregation in NYC, Blacks

Italians: Getting By in New York

1920 Italian Neighborhoods in New York

Black and Italian Segregation in NYC

The Jewish Lower East Side

1920 Russian Neighborhoods in New York

Black, Italian, and Russian Segregation in NYC

Animation

US NEIGHBORHOODS TODAY

Under $40,000 Over $75,000

PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, 2000

Disparities in the performance of schools that children attend, test data

50% 80 % Exposure to Poverty: White 4 th Graders 2010

50% 80 % Test Scores and Poverty: White 4 th Graders 2010

Comparing schools attended by white/black 4 th graders, 2010: poverty and test scores.

Median neighborhood income, Chicago 1990, for comparable white and black residents More affluent neighborhoods in the suburbs, but racial disparity in both locations Homeowners, college grads, $60-$75,000 income

Crime is lower in the suburbs, but higher for blacks in either location Violent crime in Cleveland, 1990, for comparable white and black residents Homeowners, college grads, over $75,000 income

Invasion and succession model of racial change Initial white exodus and black entry Black population growth, reaching a tipping point Racial succession: majority black Predictors of change – the downward slide: Low income Old housing Aging population Rental housing Population flux

Post-1980: Paths to and from diversity All-white White/Asian White/Hispanic White/Hispanic/ and Asian White/Hispanic/ Asian/Black Minority Combinations: Black Hispanic Asian

Persistence of old processes and patterns … and some signs of a change. More information: