1 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Welcome to CIS 52 WELCOME WELCOME W E L C O M E

2 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Introductions are in order Your name Something about yourself Why are you taking this class? What are your expectations?

3 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Topics Introduction and History of UNIX UNIX: LINUX Components LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

4 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Topics Introduction and History of UNIX UNIX: LINUX Components LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

5 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. The Heritage of UNIX: LINUX What was needed:  A system that could do more than one thing at a time. A multitasking system.  A system that could handle one or more users at a time. A multiuser system.  A system that could share selected data with others.

6 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. The Heritage of UNIX: LINUX Bell Lab & MIT work on MULTICS (60’s) Bell Labs pull out of project (late 60’s)  Ken Thompson with Bell Labs starts work on UNIX using a PDP-7 from DEC.  Written in Assembler

7 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. The History of UNIX History (continued)  Second Version written in ‘B’  3 advantages:  Multiuser  Direct user to user communication  Data and program sharing Rewritten with Dennis Ritchie using ‘C’ language in 1973

8 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. UNIX Turning Point UNIX becomes widely available in 1975  Given to Colleges, including UC Berkeley AT&T develops one branch of the UNIX family  System III is first supported release in 1982  System V in the 90’s UC Berkeley comes out with BSD  BSD 4

9 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. One Idea: Two Paths ATT Version Sun’s Solaris 2.x UNIXware (now part of SCO) IRIX (Silicon Graphics) HP-UX BSD Sunos 4.x BSDi Mach (Nextstep is also an extension of Mach) Ultrix (from DEC)

10 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Convergence  AT&T V5R4 Most Commercial Systems are blending UNIX capabilities into a System V R4 ‘AT&T variant’ with BSD ideas and tools mixed in. System Administration are generally Vendor Specific LINUX is now the most famous version, and it is free.

11 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. The Search for Standards POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface Definition)  Defined by IEEE  Provides a baseline of compatibility for UNIX variants  Sited by large customers in procurements SVID (System V Interface Definition)  Defined by ATT (UNIX System Labs)

12 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. And yet More Standards OSF (Open Software Foundation)  Chartered to define a UNIX like system independent of AT&T and SVID  OSF/1 shipped in 1990 based on Carnegie Mellons Mach Operating System  upwardly compatible with POSIX XOPEN (International Consortium of UNIX vendors). Publishes Portability Guides

13 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Introduction to UNIX using LINUX LINUX: A Product of the INTERNET  Developed by Linus Torvalds  Open Source and free distribution  UNIX work-alike

14 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Open System Architecture Source code immediately available via the INTERNET Enhancements and extensions from all over the world.  Incorporates features from UNIX BSD & System V Free, FREE, FREE (Hooray)

15 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Sir LINUX the humorous Unlike its sibling UNIX with LINUX humor abounds  In LINUX  less is more  Standard Text editor vi (for visual mode) is now vim (vi plus more)  joe – joe’s own editor (written by Joseph Allen)

16 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. What’s sooo good about LINUX? Large selection of applications Rapid support for peripheral devices Multi-platform operating environments Code is free for modification and distribution

17 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. It’s soooo Good Two trends:  Advances in hardware tecnology  Faster, Cheaper  Demise of Proprietary systems  because of rapidly changing hardware LINUX is generic but UNIX is not LINUX supports both user and server functions in one operating system.

18 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Topics The History of UNIX : LINUX UNIX: LINUX Components LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

19 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Capabilities Overview UNIX: LINUX as an Operating System UNIX: LINUX as a programming and user tool System Features

20 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. LINUX as an Operating System Like Any Operating System LINUX provides:  A File System  Process Control  Memory Management  Device Control

21 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. LINUX as an Operating System

22 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. LINUX As a Tool User Interface (‘The Shell’)  Bourne  Korn (David Korn of AT&T)  C (Bill Joy at UCB)  bash ( Bourne again Shell)  and 4 zillion more A Collection Of Utility Programs A Philosophy of Programming

23 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. System Features Multi User  Many users can be logged in simultaneously Multi Tasking  Many tasks can be executing simultaneously User Selectable Command Languages  Many “Shells” available Hierarchical File System

24 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Hierarchical File System /Alice/Bobby/Carol/home/tmp/bin / (aka root) System Features (cont.)

25 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. System Features (cont.) Compatible File, Device and Interprocess I/O Large Software Base Highly Portable Kernel and Utilities

26 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. System Features (cont.) GUI’s (Graphical User Interfaces)  X-Windows  Gnome  KDE Networking Utilities   Remote Access Compatibility Utilities  dosemu, wine

27 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Topics The History of LINUX LINUX Components LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

28 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. LINUX at Solano College Linux on one main server Windows based Telnet and FTP School computers on Ethernet  primarily for Windows 2000 LAN  Can be used to access LINUX box using TCP/IP protocol which runs on ethernet

29 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Lab Procedures Use Accounting computer to ‘clock in’ to the lab. (clock out when you leave) Log on to Lan Win 7 workstation using default userid (CIS). No password. Click on TELNET ICON within LINUX Group

30 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Lab Procedures continued Insure that the TELNET HOST address is – Linux1 or Linux.bcs.solano.edu i lastname Log in to Linux System using a userid of the form: ilastname where i is your first initial and lastname is the 1 st seven letters of your last name. Initial password is your SCCID, BUT you should immediately set a password by using the passwd command

31 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Printing There is one printer on the Linux System, but it is only intended for instruction Use SFTP to get files to your client micro or print them within the SFTP utility program (which uses Windows Notepad when you want to view a file)

32 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Accounting Computer Issues LINUX requires a lab. Time collected on the accounting computer justifies funds for Solano CC’s lab Students should put 16 hours per semester in the lab. Should be 1 Hr. per week. Must have a faculty person available before the attendance computer is turned on.

33 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Accounting Computer login Key in the last 4 digits of your SCCID If more than one name comes up, select yours. (If you are a late add to the class, fill out a form that will be used to enter your name) Select ‘starting session’ or ‘ending session’ on the next screen Select class you are working on, if more than one.

34 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Linux Specifics LINUX is a UNIX clone freely distributed by the GNU General Public License Mostly POSIX.1 Compliant Developed by Linus Torvalds ’95-6 at the University of Helsinki, Finland with assistance from many UNIX experts SCC is using the REDHAT 9.0 distribution

35 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Topics The History of LINUX LINUX Components LINUX at Solano Community College LINUX is NOT DOS

36 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. UNIX IS NOT DOS Just a few of the DOS commands were modeled after Unix  (mkdir, rmdir) Unix comes with a much larger group of utilities, with no standardization in syntax Unix is much more powerful and complex  multi user, multitasking,  built in networking

37 © 2001 John Urrutia. All rights reserved. Unix Is NOT DOS Programming capability is included in each of the shells  Input/output  selection (if, case)  looping (while, until)  signal trapping  use of Unix shell redirection and pipes  inclusion of any unix utility within a shell script