Eat, drink and be merry with maths Chris Budd Chris Budd
A common scenario You meet someone at a party and (foolishly) Tell them you are a mathematician Their immediate reaction is to … Panic Leave quickly Tell you that.. Mathematics is completely useless Mathematicians are souless geeks All mathematicians are mad!
In response you can … Deny that you are a mathematician Not go to any more parties Agree that mathematicians are evil or …. Say that The modern world would not exist without maths Maths is great for food Mathematicians organise great parties
From Farm to Fork and Beyond Maths and the food industry We use maths to help grow, store, freeze, defrost, transport, cook, eat and digest food Maths can do lots of what if? experiments in complete safety
Microwave cooking (CCFRA)
How safe is microwave cooking? If you cook a potato in a microwave cooker what gets hotter? The outside The middle Somewhere else? What is the best design of a microwave cooker? Mode stirred Turntable
What happens in a microwave oven? L: Length : 2-14cm d: Penetration depth : 8mm Microwaves Potato Magnetron
Electric Field Calculations (Maxwell) Small oscillations about an exponential decay Lambert
Use the heat equation to find the food temperature T 10cm 2cm FOOD
650W Oven, Mode stirrer Temperature
650W Point Temperatures
Thermal image of cross section after 3 minutes heating
750W turntable oven
Turntable oven, thermal image taken after 5 minutes heating Cold Spot
Conclude: The corners of the food get hot first The middle starts cool And stays cool in a turntable oven
What happens when we eat the food? [Unilever] Stomach Small intestine: 7m x 1.25cm Intestinal wall: Villi and Microvilli
Process: Food enters stomach and leaves as Chyme Nutrients are absorbed through the intestinal wall Chyme passes through small intestine in 4.5hrs Stomach Intestinal wall Colon, illeocecal sphincter Peristaltic wave Mixing process
Objectives Model the process of food moving through the intestine Model the process of nutrient mixing and absorption
Navier Stokes Slow viscous Axisymmetric flow Velocity & Stokes Streamfunction The equations for poo The equations are a bit sticky to solve!!!
Illeocecal sphincter open
Without peristalsis With peristalsis Food concentration
Illeocecal sphincter closed
Without peristalsis With peristalsis Food concentration
Food absorbed With peristalsis Without peristalsis Peristaltic waves greatly enhance mixing and the absorption of food
You have five friends, Annabel, Brian, Colin, Daphne, Edward Want to invite three to a party Annabel hates Brian and Daphne Brian hates Colin and Edward Daphne hates Edward Who do you invite? A C EA C E What have mathematicians done for parties?
Now have 200 friends and want 100 to come to a party Have a book saying who hates who Who do you invite? Parties to check Takes a high speed computer Years to check them
Works for a party and many other problems Using maths we can solve it in seconds SATNAV devices! Simulated annealing
Conclusion …. your Life Food Party Are safe in the hands of a mathematician