C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 “YOUNG WORKERS – MAKERS OF TOMORROW’S UNIONS” Training on New Approaches to Organising Migrant workers and CCOO

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Trade Union and Social Dialogue Advance in Social Dialogue since last Government took on (March 2004). National and regional levels. Trade Union inputs on sectorial laws Finance - Grants “Comisión Laboral Tripartita” (Tripartite Labour Commission) Catalogue of occupations for foreigners (national and residents employment protection) Annual Quota Follow up of market data

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Immigration and Social Dialogue Regional Level: Agreement for social and labour integration of immigrants ; Integral Plan of Immigration Castilla y León ( ) Education (ALISO), Employment, Housing, Equal opportunities, Health, Culture. Trade unions, partner in National and Regional Observatories of Immigration, together with NGOs Regular meetings with Foreign Office and Ministry of Employment to follow up results and actions and to receive training.

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 CCOO Approach to Migrant Workers Labour integration as the gate to a plenty integration in society Network of CITES (Foreign Worker Immigration Centres) (Regional Government funds – Social Dialogue) Collaboration with t.u. branches and t.u. services Training for delegates Follow up of legal claims Joint campaigns Assemblies about labour rights Incorporation of immigrants to the trade union structures -normalization Studies to assess impact of immigration on economy Publication of guides: health, gender violence, legal advise, etc.

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Network of CITEs (All provinces and main cities – 20 years in Catalonia, 4 in Castilla) Administrative /legal advise: documentation, renewals, family reunion, nationality, Labour advocating and social advise Information on social/health/participation resources Work training – t.u. training foundation Language learning + workshops in social abilities Sensitization campaigns Intercultural activities +sports

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Entry ways to Spanish labour market General Regime (75%) EU regime (25%) Annual quota (not effective) Temporary jobs – Agriculture Subsequent immigration of family members Social “root” / Labour “root” General Regime System: Employer: certificate from employment services  Delegation of Employment (Central Government)  Positive (3-6 months): send answer to worker (MUST BE IN COUNTRY OF ORIGIN) to apply for a work visa (1 month)  enter Spain, register contract, Social Security System (1 month)  residence card

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Main sectors List of occupations (Catalogue) renewed every 3 months (Comisión Laboral Tripartita) to decide which occupations can be released for non residents (on first card) Immigrants cover labour shortfalls in 4 main sectors (“socially undesirable jobs”): Construction Agriculture Family care Services

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Migrant Population Data CyL Annual Increase SPAIN Annual Increase 20000,7414,882,2823, ,0744,563,3348, ,7260,454,7344, ,3939,416,2434, ,8619,957,0213, ,6428,088,4622,95 >2,5 million >44 million

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Foreign Workers Typology in Spain Gender Men: 53,5% (more in Africans and some eastern countries) Women: 46,5% (more in Latin-Americans) Average Age: 33,06 <16: 14.9% 16-44: 64% >45: 21.1% 82% in active age Nationalities Spain: Morocco, Ecuador, Colombia, Romania. Castilla y León: Bulgaria, Romania, Ecuador, Morocco, Colombia.

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Nationalities, Central Register2005 INE Database 2005

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Young migrant workers with residence permit

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 T.U.requests approved in the new Foreign Act 2004 Trade Unions key partners in the main reforms of the actual Foreign Act and the Regularization process (Feb-May 2005) that brought to light >690,000 black economy jobs. Transfer the immigration “issue” from the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Police) to the Ministry of Employment and Social Affairs. Focus on integration – integration by employment, social rights Creation of a visa for job hunting – 3 months, compromise of return Creation of the Labour Tripartite Commission “Papers” for foreign workers based on proved labour entailment Ease the process of subsequent immigration of family members and dependants – However Spain has not transposed EU Directive on this respect. Prosecution of illegal employer even with Penal punishment in certain situations, and recognition of social wages and rights for employee, also undocumented.

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Regularization Process 2005 Foreign workers in irregular administrative situation, with a legal job offer (minimum 6 months contract) proved stay in Spain with 6 months in advance (proved city registration) no penal file employer with no pending debts to Social Security and Treasury. Results: Over 690,000 immigrants left invisibility, got documented Record in social security inscription

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Migrants in associations By migrants for migrants Many associations by nationalities. Some federate at a national level (Bg, Ec, Co). FERINE – Federation of associations of migrants (founded June 2006) Mosque / Islamic Council (Combating islamophobia) For migrants NGOs Caritas Red Cross (runs also an employment programme) Trade Unions Normalization – ideas to create a migrants section failed

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Main problems Legalization is long and difficult – High level of undocumented Contradictory reports: saturated market vs. need of more immigrants Increase of intolerance/fear in Spain. Last official survey (CIS) showed that 60% people consider immigration as the main “problem” in Spain Problems to rent houses – too often their migrant condition is an obstacle Obstacles in access to services. Need of more training of public employees Education: Lack of budget and perspective concentrates immigrant children in a few schools and leave rural areas without support teachers Rural de-population

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Trade Union level - Problems Critic period – Appraising last events: Africa Plan, Transitory period BG + RO Need of more training to delegates to defend positions in front preconceived opinions at the workplace Need of more approach to migrant workers problems in the work centre Difficulties to reach domestic and construction (in house reforms) workers Difficult relations with NGOs – Catalogue, Undocumented.. Difficult affiliation of migrant workers bringing negative preconceived ideas about trade unions from their countries

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006 Topics for discussion Immigrants come from the lowest level in social scale? Do we really need migrants? How many? Until when? INVASION? “2 nd / 3 rd generation” Is Europe racist? What is competing with us? Who’s the enemy, unfair employer or desperate immigrant? Can T.U. decide on migration flux/borders policy? What can we offer migrants that society doesn’t? Muslims and Ramadan - Achievements in Spain Gates open to highly skilled migrants, closed for low skilled - contradiction

C.S. Comisiones Obreras, Spain ITC-ILO. Turin, 4-8 December 2006