Chap 9 Muscle Tissue Intro, pgs Learning Objectives: 1.Compare & contrast the basic types of muscle tissue. 2.Describe the characteristics of each muscle type. 3. Explain the effects of high intensity resistance exercise on skeletal muscle. Review lecture notes. Review Wrap-up practice questions. Study diagrams discussed today.

What Is a Hernia? pg 177 Read about hernias in the “Clinical Application” box on pg 177 in your workbook now. Answers these questions now on this slide. 1. What are 3 different types of hernias? 2. What is a hiatal hernia exactly? 3. What is an umbilical hernia? 4. What is an inguinal hernia?

DISCUSSION, pg What are the 3 types of muscle tissue? Where are they found? Taken from Self-check, Question #1 pg 176

Muscle Overview, pg 177 Three types of muscle tissue: _______, ______________, and ___________. These differ in structure, function, and location. “Mus” (in the word muscle) means _________________ in Latin “Myo” or “Sarco” refers to ________

Muscle Similarities Skeletal and smooth muscle cells are elongated and are called _____________. Muscle contraction depends on two kinds of myofilaments – _____ and _______. Muscle terminology is similar –Sarcolemma – muscle plasma __________ –Sarcoplasm – __________ of a muscle cell

Characteristics of Muscle Tissue _________ or irritability – the ability to receive and respond to stimuli _________ – the ability to shorten forcibly __________ – the ability to be stretched or extended __________ – the ability to recoil and resume the original resting length

Muscle Functions Skeletal muscles are responsible for all ___________ ________ muscle is responsible for coursing the blood through the body ________ muscle helps maintain blood pressure, and squeezes or propels substances (i.e., food, feces) through organs Muscles also maintain ________, stabilize _______, and generate heat

Quick Check 1. What are the 3 types of muscle tissue? 2. Muscles functions include maintaining ________, stabilizing _______, and generating _______

Skeletal Muscle Packaged in skeletal muscles that attach to and cover the bony _________ Has obvious stripes called _________ Is controlled _________ (i.e., by conscious control) Contracts ______ but tires _______ Is responsible for overall body _________ Is extremely adaptable and can exert forces ranging from a fraction of an ounce to over __ pounds

Skeletal Muscle cont… pg 179 Each muscle is a discrete ________ composed of muscle tissue, blood vessels, nerve fibers, and connective tissue The three connective tissue sheaths are: –____mysium – fine sheath of connective tissue composed of reticular fibers surrounding each muscle fiber –_____mysium – fibrous connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers called fascicles –____mysium – an overcoat of dense regular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle

Page Label your practice diagram with the 3 connective muscle sheaths (circles in red) plus striations Striations (stripes)

Skeletal Muscle Attachments, pg 184 ______ - the point or mode of attachment of a skeletal muscle to bone or other body part that moves ________ - end of the muscle that is attached to a bone that does not move when the muscle contracts Most skeletal muscles span joints and are attached to bone in at least two places.

Muscle Attachment cont… pg 184 Additionally, muscles attach: –__________ to bone via connective tissue wrappings that extend beyond the muscle called ________.

Quick Check 1. What are striations? 2. The name of the muscle sheath surrounding the entire muscle? 3. Muscles attach to bone via ________?

Smooth Muscle - Composed of spindle-shaped fibers with no _______________ - Have ________________ only (not other connective sheath layers) - Found in walls of hollow organs (except the heart) - Have essentially the same contractile mechanisms as skeletal muscle

Cardiac Muscle Found in the walls of the _________ Branching chains of cells with __________ Endomysium is attached to the heart ___________ control

Chap 9 Wrap-Up Practice 1.List & describe the 4 characteristics of muscle. 2. State the 3 basic functions of muscle. 3. Explain the insertion and origin attachment points on a skeletal muscle (you may want to draw to reinforce your response). 4. Compare and contrast the 3 types of muscle tissue (include whether they are striated or non-striated, voluntary or non-voluntary, and whether they have connective muscle sheaths or not).