Section 5.4 Minerals and Mineral Groups The two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust ….. The 2 most abundant minerals in Earth’s crust….. Silicon &

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Presentation transcript:

Section 5.4 Minerals and Mineral Groups The two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust ….. The 2 most abundant minerals in Earth’s crust….. Silicon & oxygen Quartz & Feldspar

2 major Silicates… Quartz… Feldspar Made up of silicon and oxygen Hardest COMMON mineral Smokey, rose, milky, amethyst Worn as a gemstone Can be orthoclase (pink) or plagioclase (grey)

Other silicates… Pyroxene MicaMuscovite (white) and biotite (black) Best cleaving ability!

Carbonates…. Calcite Bonded with -CO 3 Calcium carbonate CaCO 3 Has birefringence (double refraction) Reacts to HCl Will phosphoresce

Carbonates con’t. DolomiteCaMg(CO 3 ) 2 Is found in limestone

Oxides Hematite Magnetite A metal element bonded to oxygen Iron Oxide Used in jewelry Black iron oxide Magnetic!

Sulfides Pyrite A metal bonded to Sulfur Iron sulfide Fool’s Gold!

Others… HaliteSalty to the taste