AP US History
Overview of the War of 1812
3 U. S. Invasions of 1812
Campaigns of 1813
THE BURNING OF WASHINGTON August 1814 Government buildings ordered burned…including the “White House” This was the only successful effort of the 4 major attacks by the British. The White House was rebuilt ( )
Battle of Fort McHenry, 1814 Oh Say Can You See By the Dawn’s Early Light… -- Francis Scott Key
Gave proof through the night, That our flag was still there..
Hartford Convention December, 1814 – January, 1815
Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814
The Battle of New Orleans, 1815
Jackson’s Florida Campaigns
AP US History
Cultural Nationalism p Education The “Virtuous Citizen” p An American form of English Noah Webster
Cultural Nationalism p A well-defined American literature Washington Irving The Sketch Book, “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”
Cultural Nationalism Religious Movements: Deism Second “Great Awakening”
2004 Election Headlines Outreach effort and moral values theme pays off for Bush with Hispanics -- Nov. 3, 2004 [FOX News] Election Reinforces USA’s Religious Schism -- Nov. 4, 2004 [USA Today] 'It's a Victory for People Like Us' Bush Emphasis on Values Drew Ohio Evangelicals -- Nov. 5, 2004 [Washington Post]
2004 Election Poll Data Which One Issue Mattered Most in Deciding How You Voted for President? (Check only one)KerryBushNader Taxes Percentage of Electorate: 5 43%57%0% Education Percentage of Electorate: 4 73%26%-- Iraq Percentage of Electorate: 15 73%26%0% Terrorism Percentage of Electorate: 19 14%86%0% Economy/Jobs Percentage of Electorate: 20 80%18%0% Moral Values Percentage of Electorate: 22 18%80%1% Health Care Percentage of Electorate: 8 77%23%--
2004 Election Poll Data Attend Religious Services KerryBushNader More Than Once a Week Percentage of Electorate: 16 35%64%1% Once a Week Percentage of Electorate: 26 41%58%0% A Few Times a Month Percentage of Electorate: 14 49%50%-- A Few Times a Year Percentage of Electorate: 28 54%45%0% Never Percentage of Electorate: 15 62%36%1%
The Second “Great Awakening:” Revivalist Meeting
Charles G. Finney The ranges of tents, the fires, reflecting light…; the candles and lamps illuminating the encampment; hundreds moving to and fro…;the preaching, praying, singing, and shouting,… like the sound of many waters, was enough to swallow up all the powers of contemplation. “soul-shaking” conversion
The “Benevolent Empire”
“Burned-Over” District in Upstate New York
American Bible Society Founded in 1816
Economic Nationalism p Encourage Creativity & Inventiveness. p Create a Transportation Infrastructure. p Create a Pro-Business Atmosphere. Jefferson’s Vision of America Hamilton’s Vision of America Role of Govt.
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791 Actually invented by a slave!
Whitney’s Gun Factory Interchangeable Parts Rifle
First Turnpike Lancaster, PA (1790) By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities.
Cumberland “National Road,” 1811
Conestoga Covered Wagons Conestoga Trail, 1820s
Yankee Clipper Ships
Robert Fulton & the Steamboat The Clermont
Erie Canal System
The Erie Canal, 1820s
AP US History The “ Era of Good Feelings ” ( ) ( )
The Election of 1816
James Monroe [ ]
John Quincy Adams: John Quincy Adams: A bulldog among spaniels!
The West & the NW:
The Convention of 1818
Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819
US Population Density
The Election of 1820
The American System p Tariff of 1816 p Second Bank of the U. S. p Internal improvements at federal expense. - National Road Henry Clay, “The Great Compromiser”
The American System
WEST got roads, canals, and federal aide. p WEST got roads, canals, and federal aide. p EAST got the backing of protective tariffs from the West. p SOUTH ??
The Panic of 1819 CAUSES???
The Compromise of 1820: A Firebell in the Night!
The Tallmadge Amendment All slaves born in Missouri after the territory became a state would be freed at the age of 25. Passed by the House, not in the Senate. The North controlled the House, and the South had enough power to block it in the Senate.
The Monroe Doctrine, What would the US do if the warning was not headed? Monroe Doctrine 2.What warning is given to the European countries? 1.What foreign policy principles are established? Referred to as America’s Self-Defense Doctrine.
The Election of 1824: The “Corrupt Bargain ”
CandidatePopular Vote Electoral Vote Andrew Jackson43%99 J.Q. Adams31%84 William Crawford 13%41 Henry Clay13%37
AP US History
Essential Question: Champion of the “Common Man”? “King” Andrew? OR
Voting Requirements in the Early 19c
Voter Turnout:
Why Increased Democratization? White male suffrage increased Party nominating committees. Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors. Spoils system. Rise of Third Parties. Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.) Two-party system returned in the 1832 election: Dem-Reps Natl. Reps.(1828) Whigs (1832) Republicans (1854) Democrats (1828)
Jackson’s First Hermitage Residence
First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815
General Jackson During the Seminole Wars
The “Common Man’s” Presidential Candidate
Jackson’s Opponents in 1824 Henry Clay [KY] John Quincy Adams [MA] John C. Calhoun [SC] William H. Crawford [GA]
Results of the 1824 Election “Corrupt Bargain?” “Corrupt Bargain?”
Rachel Jackson Final Divorce Decree
Jackson in Mourning for His Wife
1828 Election Results
The Center of Population in the Country Moves WEST
The New “Jackson Coalition” The Planter Elite in the South People on the Frontier State Politicians – spoils system Immigrants in the cities.
Jackson’s Faith in the “Common Man” Intense distrust of Eastern “establishment,” monopolies, & special privilege. His heart & soul was with the “plain folk.” Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon achievements.
The Reign of “King Mob”
Andrew Jackson as President
The “Peggy Eaton Affair”
The Webster-Hayne Debate Sen. Daniel Webster [MA] Sen. Robert Hayne [SC]
Webster: Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable. Jackson: Our Federal Union—it must be preserved. Calhoun: The Union, next to our liberty, most dear.
1832 Tariff Conflict > “Tariff of Abomination” > new tariff South Carolina’s reaction? Jackson’s response? Clay’s “Compromise” Tariff?
Indian Removal Jackson’s Goal? 1830 Indian Removal Act Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831) * “domestic dependent nation” Worcester v. GA (1832) Jackson: John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!
The Cherokee Nation After 1820
Indian Removal
Trail of Tears ( )
Jackson’s Professed “Love” for Native Americans
Jackson’s Use of Federal Power VETO 1830 Maysville Road project in KY [state of his political rival, Henry Clay]
The National Bank Debate Nicholas Biddle President Jackson
Opposition to the 2 nd B.U.S. Anti- Nat’l. Bank sssstate bankers felt it restrained their banks from issuing bank notes freely. ssssupported rapid economic growth & speculation. Pro-Nat’l. bank ffffelt that coin was the only safe currency. ddddidn’t like any bank that issued bank notes. ssssuspicious of expansion & speculation.
The “Monster” Is Destroyed! “pet banks”? 1832 Jackson vetoed the extension of the 2 nd National Bank of the United States. 1836 the charter expired. 1841 the bank went bankrupt!
The Downfall of “Mother Bank”
An 1832 Cartoon: “King Andrew”? An 1832 Cartoon: “King Andrew”?
1832 Election Results Main Issue?
The Specie Circular (1836) 3 buy future federal land only with gold or silver. 3 Jackson’s goal?
Results of the Specie Circular $Banknotes lose their value. $Land sales plummeted. $Credit not available. $Businesses began to fail. $Unemployment rose. The Panic of 1837! The Panic of 1837!
The 1836 Election Results Martin Van Buren “Old Kinderhook” [O. K.]
The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!
Andrew Jackson in Retirement Rests at the Hemitage, Tennessee
Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844 (one year before his death)