Reconstruction Chapter 16

Rebuilding the South Section 1

Rebuilding the South Main Idea 1: President Lincoln and Congress differed in their views as Reconstruction began.

Reconstruction Begins Main Idea 1: President Lincoln and Congress differed in their views as Reconstruction began.

Reconstruction Begins The original goal of Reconstruction was to reunite the nation and rebuild southern states without slavery

Reconstruction Begins The South had to be rebuilt Towns and farms ruined Plantations, roads, bridges, RRs destroyed Thousands faced starvation

Reconstruction Begins People disagreed on how the Southern economy and society needed to be rebuilt Reconstruction: the process of readmitting the former Confederate states to the Union; lasted from 1865 to 1877

Reconstruction Begins Lincoln proposes the Ten Percent Plan When 10% of a states voters would pledge an oath of loyalty to the Union, the state could form a new state govt. Didn’t want to just punish the South

Reconstruction Begins Lincoln offered amnesty – a pardon – to all white Southerners, except Confederate leaders Wanted to get the southern states back quickly

Reconstruction Begins Lincoln … Supported giving the right to vote to African Americans who were educated or had served in the Union army Would not force the Southern states to give those rights to African Americans

Reconstruction Begins Republicans in Congress proposed a more radical, tougher plan for the South They became known as Radical Republicans Thaddeus Stevens a leader: Southern states must be punished

Reconstruction Begins Wade-Davis Bill 50% of white males in a state had to swear loyalty Former Confederate soldiers were denied to public office State Constitutions had to abolish slavery

Reconstruction Begins Lincoln refused to sign the bill He wanted a quicker solution, but realized he would have to compromise

Freedom for African Americans Main Idea 2: The end of the Civil War meant freedom for African Americans in the South.

Freedom for African Americans One thing Republicans agreed on was abolishing slavery. Lincoln urged Congress to propose the Thirteenth Amendment, which made slavery illegal in the United States The amendment was ratified on December 16, 1865.

Freedom for African Americans Newly freed slaves faced many changes. Families searched for members who had been sold away. Many moved from mostly white counties to places with more African Americans. Peace. Im outta here.

Freedom for African Americans Freed people demanded same economic and political rights as white citizens. Many former slaves wanted their own land to farm. Many white planters refused to surrender their land and the U.S. government returned land to its original owners.

Freedom for African Americans Freedmen’s Bureau An agency designed to help former enslaved persons Distributed food and clothing Provided medical service Established schools Helped African Americans acquire land Also helped some white southerners

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan Main Idea 3: President Johnson’s plan began the process of Reconstruction.

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan 5 days after the war was over, Lincoln is assassinated in Washington D.C. Lincoln and his wife were attending the play Our American Cousin I love legitimate theatre.

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan Lincoln watched from a balcony box John Wilkes Booth, an actor in the play and a southern sympathizer sneaks behind Lincoln and shoots him in the back of the head

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan Booth jumps down and shouts “Sic Semper Tyranus ” and escapes to Virginia Death to tyrants

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan Lincoln is taken to the Peterson House across the street He dies the next day Lincoln’s death is a shock to the nation Northerners and African Americans mourn

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan Muhaha President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan Booth was part of a small group of 8 that plotted to also kill… Secretary of State William Seward Vice President Andrew Johnson (below) They hoped the successful assassinations would cause chaos and give the South another shot at fighting again John Wilkes Booth

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan Andrew Johnson became President A Southern senator who supported the Union during the Civil War

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan Johnson’s Reconstruction plan was similar to Lincoln’s, but included the need for wealthy southerners and former Confederate officials to receive presidential pardons in order to receive amnesty.

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan Under Johnson’s Plan Southern states were also required to revise their constitutions and declare that secession was illegal. had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment and refuse to pay Confederate debts.

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan All southern states except Texas had created new governments by 1865. Johnson declared the Union to be restored, but Congress refused to readmit southern states into the Union because too many newly elected representatives had been leaders of the Confederacy.