Lower Limb Kinesiology Amir H. Bakhtiary Ph.D., PT Associate Professor Physiotherapy Department Rehabilitation faculty Semnan Medical Sciences University

Pelvis A ring of bone providing articulation for the lower limbs with the trunk.

Questions and Subjects What is the structure of the Sacroiliac Joint? What is the structure of the Sacroiliac Joint? What is the Mechanical Role of Pelvis? What is the Mechanical Role of Pelvis? What is the factors of Sacroiliac Joint Stability? What is the factors of Sacroiliac Joint Stability? What is the Movement of Sacroiliac Joints? What is the Movement of Sacroiliac Joints? What is the Clinical Importance of Sacroiliac Joint? What is the Clinical Importance of Sacroiliac Joint? How to we may test the accessory Movement of Sacroiliac Joints? How to we may test the accessory Movement of Sacroiliac Joints? What is the Biomechanics role of Sacroiliac Joints? What is the Biomechanics role of Sacroiliac Joints? What is the Symphysis Pubis? What is the Symphysis Pubis? What is the Pelvic Motions? What is the Pelvic Motions?

What is the Mechanical Role of Pelvis? Pelvis Is Designed to Transfer of Weight from the Trunk Lower LimbsIschial Tuberosities By Loosing of Mobility Sacroiliac JointsSymphysis Pubis Additional Roles to Transfer of Weight Muscle AttachmentSupport the VicersSupport Birth Canal

What is the structure of the Sacroiliac Joint? Synovial Joint between Illium and Sacrum. Synovial Joint between Illium and Sacrum. Due to the powerful ligaments in posterior Due to the powerful ligaments in posterior Anteriorly Sinovial Posteriorly Fibrous The SIJs are unique in that both the structure and function of these joints change significantly from birth through adulthood

Sacroiliac Joint It is a C shape joint It is a C shape joint In first decade of life is smooth and flat In first decade of life is smooth and flat After puberty, a central ridge in Iliac and groove on the sacral will appear After puberty, a central ridge in Iliac and groove on the sacral will appear

What is the factors of Sacroiliac Joint Stability? Line of Weight Pass Anterior to the Sacroiliac Joint Causes Sacral Move Downward into the Pelvis Lower Parts Tilt Upward The Bony Surface does Not Bear the Weight The Weight is Suspended by the Ligaments Slight Wedging of the Auricular Surface Resist Rotation and Gliding Movement of Sacrum

What is the Movement of Sacroiliac Joints? A little Movement is Allowed by Joint Surface and Ligaments A little Movement is Allowed by Joint Surface and Ligaments There is Slight Gliding and Rotational Movement There is Slight Gliding and Rotational Movement Sacroiliac Joint movement During Childbirth

Nutation and Counternutation Movement

What is the Clinical Importance of Sacroiliac Joint? Sudden Bending Forward Tear the Posterior Ligament Dislocate the Joint surface Painful Trunk Flexion Manipulation often Produce a Successful Result

How do we may test the accessory Movement of Sacroiliac Joints? These Movements are Limited by the Powerful Ligaments. To Test These Movements Prone Position Pressure by the Heel of the Hand On the Apex of Sacrum Downward Small Rotation of the Sacrum

What is the Biomechanics role of Sacroiliac Joints? Two Trabecular Systems From Sacrum to Pelvis and Then to the head of Femur

Trabecular sysem نحوه انتقال وزن در مفصل ساکروایلیاک و ران چگونه است؟

What is the Symphysis Pubis? Secondary Cartilaginous Joint. Secondary Cartilaginous Joint. A Thin Layer of Hyaline Cartilage Cover the Bone. A Thin Layer of Hyaline Cartilage Cover the Bone. This Cartilage is Joined to the Opposite Cartilage by a Fibrocartilage Interpubic Disc. This Cartilage is Joined to the Opposite Cartilage by a Fibrocartilage Interpubic Disc. Two Ligaments Support the Joint: Two Ligaments Support the Joint: 1) Superior Pubic Ligament 2) Arcuate Pubic Ligament The anterior portion of the joint is reinforced by aponeurotic expansions from a number of muscles that cross the joint The anterior portion of the joint is reinforced by aponeurotic expansions from a number of muscles that cross the joint No Normally Movement No Normally Movement Pathology: Pathology: Slipping of one pubic to other (Osteitis Pubis)

The aponeurotic extensions of the muscles crossing the anterior aspect of the symphysis pubis

What is the Pelvic Motions? open kinematic chain motions anterior tilt ： ASIS moves anteriorly and inferiorly posterior tilt ： ASIS moves posteriorly and superiorly lateral tilt to the left/right ： one ASIS is higher than the other (Pelvic list during Gait) Lateral forward and Backward displacement

The pelvis lists downward (obliquity) to increase the effective leg length at toe-off and heel-strike

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