CHAPTER 3 SECTION 1

1. What is a colony? Land settled by immigrants who follow the governing rules of the mother country.

2. What is a charter? A legal document signed by a king or queen giving permission to settle in a given place along with a set of rules. A legal document signed by a king or queen giving permission to settle in a given place along with a set of rules.

3. What is a joint stock company? A company owned by 2 or more people who share in the cost and risk of establishing a colony. A company owned by 2 or more people who share in the cost and risk of establishing a colony.

4. What was Jamestown? The first permanent English settlement in North America. The first permanent English settlement in North America.

5. When was Jamestown founded and where was it located? 1607, 40 miles up the James River in Virginia 1607, 40 miles up the James River in Virginia

6. Who was John Smith? Captain John Smith took control of Jamestown in Captain John Smith took control of Jamestown in Began Martial Law, which made the colonists follow a set of rules in order to maintain order within the colony. Began Martial Law, which made the colonists follow a set of rules in order to maintain order within the colony.

7. Who was Pocahontas? Powhatan princess and wife of John Rolfe. Powhatan princess and wife of John Rolfe. Kept John Smith from being killed Kept John Smith from being killed

8. Who was John Rolfe? Refined tobacco so it could be smoked. Refined tobacco so it could be smoked. Husband to Pocahontas Husband to Pocahontas

9. What does “authority” mean? Power, the right to rule Power, the right to rule

10. Relationship between Powhatan Indians and settlers? At first relations very good At first relations very good Strengthened by marriage of John Rolfe and Pocahontas Strengthened by marriage of John Rolfe and Pocahontas Conflict erupted after settlers murdered a Powhatan leader. Conflict erupted after settlers murdered a Powhatan leader.

11. What was the main cash crop in VA? Tobacco Tobacco

12. What is a plantation? Large farms in the south Large farms in the south

13. Why did plantation system develop in VA? In part because of the headright system, under which colonists who paid their way received 50 acres of land plus 50 more for each person they brought. In part because of the headright system, under which colonists who paid their way received 50 acres of land plus 50 more for each person they brought.

14. Difference between indentured servants and slaves? Indentured servant worked voluntarily under a contract for a number of year usually 5-7 years. Indentured servant worked voluntarily under a contract for a number of year usually 5-7 years. Slavery was involuntary and permanent condition. Slavery was involuntary and permanent condition. Both worked hard, worked for others, and farmed. Both worked hard, worked for others, and farmed.

15. What does the word “factors” mean? Causes Causes

16. What was Bacon’s Rebellion? Uprising led by Nathaniel Bacon to protest not being able to take Indian land. Uprising led by Nathaniel Bacon to protest not being able to take Indian land. Burned down Jamestown Burned down Jamestown Died with fever and rebellion died too. Died with fever and rebellion died too.

17. What is a proprietary colony? Colony controlled by proprietors or owners who controlled the government. Colony controlled by proprietors or owners who controlled the government.

18. What is a royal colony? Colony ruled by the King or Queen Colony ruled by the King or Queen

19. Why did English colonies settle in the colony of Maryland? To escape religious persecution To escape religious persecution

20.What is the Toleration Act of 1649? Bill that made it a crime to restrict the religious rights of Christians. Bill that made it a crime to restrict the religious rights of Christians. First law passed to support religious tolerance in the colonies. First law passed to support religious tolerance in the colonies. state of maryland united streaming state of maryland united streaming

21. How was the colony of Maryland different than Jamestown? Jamestown founded to make a profit and became a royal colony Jamestown founded to make a profit and became a royal colony Maryland was founded for religious reasons and was a proprietary colony Maryland was founded for religious reasons and was a proprietary colony

22. Why did the Carolina colony separate into North and South Carolina They were far apart and it made them hard to govern. They were far apart and it made them hard to govern.

23. How did James Oglethorpe hope to make Georgia different from the other colonies? Not have large plantations owned by a few wealthy people. Not have large plantations owned by a few wealthy people. Wanted to give the poor and debtors a fresh start Wanted to give the poor and debtors a fresh start He outlawed slavery and kept land grants small. He outlawed slavery and kept land grants small.

24. Who was Olaudah Equiano? Former slave who recorded his viciously brutal experiences as a slave. Former slave who recorded his viciously brutal experiences as a slave.

25. What were main cash crops and how did contribute to slavery? Tobacco, rice, indigo Tobacco, rice, indigo Required lots of manual labor and large work force. Required lots of manual labor and large work force.

26. What were the slave codes? Laws to control slaves. Laws to control slaves.

27. Why was geography suitable for farming? Warm climate and long growing season Warm climate and long growing season

28. Why did settlers come to America? Riches, religion Riches, religion

29. What is mercantilism? Economic system in which countries want a favorable balance of trade Economic system in which countries want a favorable balance of trade In other words they want more exports than imports. In other words they want more exports than imports.

30. What are push-pull factors? Push factors push people from a country Push factors push people from a country Pull factors pull people to another country. Pull factors pull people to another country.