History of Forensic Science. BCEEvidence of fingerprints in early paintings and rock carvings made by prehistoric humans 700sChinese used fingerprints.

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Presentation transcript:

History of Forensic Science

BCEEvidence of fingerprints in early paintings and rock carvings made by prehistoric humans 700sChinese used fingerprints to establish the identity of documents and clay sculptures, but without any formal fingerprint classification system. 1248Chinese recorded a description of how to distinguish drowning from strangulation. First recorded application of medical knowledge to crime solving.

1686 First notes recorded about fingerprint characteristics 1784 In England, John Toms was convicted of murder based on matching a piece of newspaper in his pocket to a wad left at the crime scene. 1836James Marsh, a Scottish chemist, was the first to use toxicology (arson detection) in a jury trial. 1864Odelbrecht first advocated the use of photographs to identify criminals, document evidence and crime scenes.

1880First recorded use of fingerprints to solve a crime in Tokyo 1887First Sherlock Holmes novel published 1891Hans Gross credited with coining the term criminalistics 1901Development of techniques to detect blood types 1903New York State prison system began to use fingerprints to identify criminals 1905Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) established

1910First police crime laboratory established in France 1920 Edmond Locard develops idea that “Every contact leaves a trace”. 1924First U.S. crime lab implemented in Los Angeles. 1932FBI crime lab established 1941Beginning of voiceprint identification 1945Test for semen presence developed

1954Breathalyzer for field sobriety testing invested. 1977Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) introduced by FBI 1986First use of DNA to solve a crime 1991Integrated Ballistics Identification System (IBIS) launched for comparison of bullets, cartridge cases, and shell casings. 1996FBI introduced computerized searches of the AFIS fingerprint database.

Crime Laboratories

Four Major Federal Crime Laboratories 1. FBI – largest crime lab in the world 2. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) – analyzes drugs seized 3. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) – analyzes alcoholic beverages, weapons, explosives 4. U.S. Postal Inspection Service – crimes involving the postal service

Video Crime 360: Welcome to Homicide

Questions to answer 1. Who is called to the crime scene? 2. What are the duties of the CSI’s at the crime scene? 3. What types of evidence do they collect from the crime scene? 4. Who are the suspects? 5. What happens at the end of the case?