Have out homework: After the Test Assignment

Biomolecules (Organic Molecules)

Organic Molecules: MUST Contain Carbon!!!!! H20 C6H12O6 NaCl CO2

Carbohydrates = Sugars Monomer: Glucose Structure: Monosaccharide: Simple glucose (C6H12O6) Polysaccharide: 1. Starch: plants make, we eat 2. Glycogen: only animals make 3. Cellulose: only plants make for cell walls Function: ENERGY!!!!!!!! Test to Identify: 1.Simple: Benedict’s Solution 2. Complex: Iodine

This molecule is . . . Glucose Ribose Dextrose Fructose

Proteins do everything! Monomer: Amino Acids Structure: Many amino acids hooked together = a polypeptide Function: make any part of an organism; muscle contraction Last source of energy Test to Identify: Biurets Test

Which organic molecule? Insulin – important hormone, composed of 51 amino acids Made in the pancreas; released when stimulated Causes cells in liver, muscle, & fat to take up glucose from blood; store it as glycogen in the liver and muscle

Which organic molecule? Hemoglobin: Carries oxygen in red blood cells

Lipids = Fats, oils, waxes and steroids Monomer: Fatty Acids Structure: Many fatty acids hooked together in a chain Function: Energy storage; insulation; and making cell parts Test to Identify: Brown Paper Test

Lipids are . . . Insoluble in water (nonpolar molecules - not attracted by water molecules) energy storage (long term) insulation protective coverings major components of membranes that surround all living cells

Triglyceride 3 FATTY ACIDS AND A GLYCEROL

Nucleic Acids = genetic information Monomer: Nucleotides Structure: Many nucleotides hooked together in long chains Function: DNA and RNA - our genetic code - instructions for making proteins No Test

Which organic molecule? DNA (DNA is a chain of nucleotides) nucleotide = -a nitrogenous base -a simple sugar -a phosphate group

Which molecule? Insoluble in water (nonpolar molecules - not attracted by water molecules) energy storage (long term) insulation protective coverings major components of membranes that surround all living cells

Which organic molecule . . . Forms a polypeptide Examples are enzymes, insulin and hemoglobin Chain of amino acids

Answer me this… What are the functions of lipids? What are three examples of complex carbohydrate molecules, and where are they found?

Answer me this… Which organic molecule’s monomers are monosaccharides? Which organic molecule stores information in a code? Is starch a monosaccharide or a polysaccharide?

Which organic molecule provides quick energy? What is the monomer of proteins? Which organic molecules include enzymes, hemoglobin and insulin? What is the test to identify glucose?

Word Bank: The Chemistry of Life Crossword Puzzle Acids Bases Carbon Energy Electron Lipids Nucleotides Neutron Nucleic Polysaccharides Polymer Protein Proton

ENZYMES!! A type of PROTEIN They speed up chemical reactions

Enzymes are Specific A specific enzyme will fit it’s specific substrate Lock and key fit Enzymes are used over and over

Enzyme Substrate Activity Instructions Get the following: 1 Piece of construction paper 1 blue hand out 1 pink handout Scissors and glue Cut out substrates first! Then cut out the enzymes and make the substrate enzyme complex. Then cut the products, and glue them beside the complex. After you have cut out and pasted all complexes answer the 5 questions on the back of your notes from today on Enzymes