Four Integrative Courses of Practical Teaching 四门综合性实验课程 Chuanyong Liu, M.D., Ph.D Professor of Physiology Vice Dean (Medical Eduction) of Shandong University School of Medicine

Three Stages of the Practical Teaching Stage 1- in the classroom, old medical education –Supplement of the lecture Stage 2- in the lab, modern medical education –Every courese has its own practical teaching –Practical teaching is the appendant of each discipline –Aim of the practical teaching Verify the theory in the textbook Mast some basic technique of biological and meidcal experiment Stage 3- in the lab- medical education today –Practical teaching is individual course that aim to train the comprehensive and critic thinking

Drawbacks of CBL CBL-Course Based Learning Most of the medical school in mainland use CBL because –Habbit –Too many medical students Merit of the CBL –Systemic knowledge –Easy to understand and master Drawbacks of CBL –The students are lack of comprehensive and critic thinking

Four Integrative Course of Practical Teaching Account for about 40% of the time of practical teaching –Classical experiments （经典实验） accompany the disciplines account for 60% Composed of two kind of experiments –Comprehensive experiment （综合性实验） - cover the knowledge and techniques more than two disciplines Training of the comprehensive thinking –Problem solution experiment ( 创新实验） – the student have to design the protocol by themselves in order to solve some problem Training of the critic thinking

Four Integrative Courses of Practical Teaching Practical Teaching of Medical Structure （医学 形态学实验） Practical Teaching of Medical Function （医学机 能学实验） Practical Teaching of Pathogenic Microbiology and Medical Immnuology （病原生物学与医学免 疫学实验） Practical Teaching of Cellular and Molecular Biology （细胞及分子生物学实验）

Practical Teaching of Medical Structure Anatomy – Systemic and Local Histology and Embrology Pathology

Practical Teaching of Medical Function Physiology Pathophysiology Pharmacology Medical Psychology Neurobiology

Practical Teaching of Pathogenic Microbiology and Medical Immnuology Medical Microbiology Medical Immunology Medical Parasitology

Practical Teaching of Cellular and Molecular Biology Biochemistry Molecularbiology Medical Genetics Cellular Biology

New System of Practical Teaching in Basic Medical Sciences Disciplines － Classical Experiments Integrative Courses Anatomy Practical Teaching of Medical Structure Histology and Embryology Pathology Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Practical Teaching of Cellular and Molecular Biology Cellular Biology Medical Genetics Medical Micrology Practical teaching of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology Medical Immunology Medical Parasitology Physiology Practical Teaching of Medical Function Pharmacology Medical Psychology Pathophysiology

Development of The Reform of Practical Teaching Construction of three platforms for practical teaching –Platform of Medical Structure ( 形态学平台） –Plarform of Medical Function （机能学平台） –Platrorm of Cellular and Molecular Biology （细胞及分子生物学平台）

Development of The Reform of Practical Teaching (continued) Publication of the systemic textbooks for the new system of practical teaching –Medical Structure –Medical Function –Pathogenic Microbiology and Medical Immnuology –Cellular and Molecular Biology Every textbook is composed of three kind of experiments –Classical experiments that belong to individual discipline –Comprehensive and innovative experiment that belong to the integrative courese of practical teaching

Development of The Reform of Practical Teaching (continued) The Medical Center of Practical Teaching has been assessed as the National Practical Teaching Demonstration Center ( 国家级实验教学示范中心）