1 CS 201 Computer Systems Programming Chapter 1 “CS 201 Introduction” Herbert G. Mayer, PSU CS Status 6/12/2014

2 Syllabus This is CS 201 This is CS 201 Who is the Instructor? Who is the Instructor? Goals of CS 201 Goals of CS 201 Who are You? Who are You? Grading, Homework, Late Hand-in Grading, Homework, Late Hand-in Silver Bullet Silver Bullet Extra Credit Extra Credit Misc & Contacts Misc & Contacts Microsoft Assembler Microsoft Assembler Text Books Recommended Text Books Recommended

3 This is CS 201 Summer 2014 CS 201, Computer Systems Programming Summer 2014 CS 201, Computer Systems Programming Tuesdays + Thursdays 10:30 – 12:50 Tuesdays + Thursdays 10:30 – 12:50 We discuss use of computers from a systems programmer’s view We discuss use of computers from a systems programmer’s view With ultimate goal of learning how to implement better systems software and build better computers in the future With ultimate goal of learning how to implement better systems software and build better computers in the future Also how to use current computers efficiently Also how to use current computers efficiently Efficient generally means: minimizing the time a human programmer has to wait for results Efficient generally means: minimizing the time a human programmer has to wait for results Sometimes efficiency refers to other resource uses, e.g. memory use, mass storage use, etc. Sometimes efficiency refers to other resource uses, e.g. memory use, mass storage use, etc.

4 Who is the Instructor? Instructor is a German immigrant, who worked in the US computer industry and academia Instructor is a German immigrant, who worked in the US computer industry and academia MS EECS (electrical engineering an computer science) UCSD 1983; beautiful beach & campus! MS EECS (electrical engineering an computer science) UCSD 1983; beautiful beach & campus! PhD CS TU Berlin 1995; awesome city, now united! PhD CS TU Berlin 1995; awesome city, now united! Professional focus on compiler optimization, alias analysis, programming languages, VLIW Professional focus on compiler optimization, alias analysis, programming languages, VLIW PhD Thesis on automatic generation of MP-object code via source analysis through alias analysis PhD Thesis on automatic generation of MP-object code via source analysis through alias analysis Retired in 2011 after 24 years at Intel Corp. Hillsboro Retired in 2011 after 24 years at Intel Corp. Hillsboro Implemented Compilers for systolic array architecture 1980s Managed Intel CPU tuning lab & CPU validation in new Intel processors Teaching computer science since 1983 at SDSU San Diego, and since 1987 PSU Teaching computer science since 1983 at SDSU San Diego, and since 1987 PSU

5 Goals of CS 201 Understand, useUnderstand, use computer systems from a software developer’s perspective. Solidify C language programming and some assembly language reading skills Show how to measure and improve program performance based on machine architecture. Upon successful completion of this course students will also be able to: Describe basic computer system organization including the operating system, specifically processes, files, virtual memory, and underlying hardware, CPU, registers, memory hierarchy Discuss in detail how Virtual Memory Management (VMM) worked on early 32-bit architectures; relevant now again that 64- bit addressing is standard Describe HLL translation system, including preprocessing, assembling, compiling, and linking, plus function of object files and shared libraries

6 Goals of CS 201, Cont’d Write C programs to practice systems programming concepts, including file I/O, system calls, memory management, exception handling and process management Do arithmetic in hexadecimal, decimal, octal, and binary notation, and convert between these notations Explain how data types such as integers, characters, floating point numbers, arrays, pointers, and structures are represented internally in computer Describe the instruction set architecture for Intel x86 and Sun Sparc family, including the arithmetic/logic instructions, registers, memory model and addressing- and control instructions Explain how high-level programming constructs such as loops and recursive function calls can be implemented in underlying machine code

7 Goals of CS 201, Cont’d Describe in detail how a data cache functions, and why it improves performance; emphasis is: locality Explain how exceptions, traps, and context switches occur and how they are handled at machine level Explain the performance impact of hardware features in pipelined, superscalar, and MP architectures; explain awesome benefit of locality Use profiling and timing facilities to identify performance bottlenecks in HLL programs Describe low-level architecture details of the still emerging Intel x86 architecture Analyze generated Sparc assembly code

8 Who are You? Briefly, 2-6 students volunteer to articulate in class, explaining: Your name Your field of study and current progress Why do you take CS 201? What is your expectation of this class? What is your minimal goal for CS 201? Which is your ideal learning goal? Have you worked in the computer industry? Which computer subjects are you interested in? Anything else relevant to this course

9 Grading, Homework, Late Hand-In Acquire up to 1,000 points total = 100% Acquire up to 1,000 points total = 100% Upper and lower 15% yield a + or – grade variation Upper and lower 15% yield a + or – grade variation 5 homeworks at 150 points each = 750 points 5 homeworks at 150 points each = 750 points Midterm, in class, in ~week 5= 250 points Midterm, in class, in ~week 5= 250 points Homework to be ed before the start of class on the due date Homework to be ed before the start of class on the due date Homework s should use the subject line “CS 201 HW x”, where ‘x’ is the homework number Homework s should use the subject line “CS 201 HW x”, where ‘x’ is the homework number Work that is handed in 1 second up to a day late experiences 10% deduction of the total points Work that is handed in 1 second up to a day late experiences 10% deduction of the total points Each additional day late: another 10% deducted Each additional day late: another 10% deducted A Homework that is 5 days late or later is not accepted A Homework that is 5 days late or later is not accepted

10 Silver Bullet One single time each student is allowed to hand in homework up to 3 days late without penalty One single time each student is allowed to hand in homework up to 3 days late without penalty This is called the CS 201 Silver Bullet This is called the CS 201 Silver Bullet Silver Bullets cannot be split, traded, or sold on the black market Silver Bullets cannot be split, traded, or sold on the black market If in the end you did not consume the silver bullet, you cannot trade it in for cash or a better grade If in the end you did not consume the silver bullet, you cannot trade it in for cash or a better grade While tracking homework grades, consumption of the silver bullet is tracked While tracking homework grades, consumption of the silver bullet is tracked Note that the maximally 3 late days worth of Silver Bullet cannot be applied to 2 different late homeworks, even if they are both, say, just 1 day late each Note that the maximally 3 late days worth of Silver Bullet cannot be applied to 2 different late homeworks, even if they are both, say, just 1 day late each

11 Extra Credit Extra Credit: is a way to improve your grade by up to a half grade, i.e. up to a maximum of 50 points total Extra Credit is granted for good ideas expressed in class, constructive questions and contributions in class, identifying errors in class material Volunteers may present the HW or select topics in class, 10 min. each for a few extra credit points Any error in class material, even the slightest typo – but only pointed out the first time– is worth some extra credit Presenting smart homework solutions in class can deserves extra credit; you need to volunteer for such presentations proactively Each time you catch and correct an error made by the instructor you receive extra credit, though the instructor will claim: “This was a deliberate error to test your alertness!”

12 Misc. & Contacts Your grader will be introduced in class all HW to the grader, cc Herb; keep original copy of your Herb’s The Midterm will be on paper; nothing to

13 Microsoft Assembler masm Assembler discussed in this class is Microsoft masm: us/library/hb5z4sxd(v=vs.100).aspx That MS software is available in CS computer Lab as part of Visual Studio Walk up to a machine and look at the following: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC> ml /?

14 Text Books Recommended 1. 1.Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective, 2 nd edition, Bryant and O'Hallaron, Prentice Hall, ISBN- 13: , © The C Programming Language, 2 nd edition, Kernighan and Ritchie, Prentice Hall, ISBN , © 1988 or newer