Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions reduction strategies February 2014

Four policy areas Community Design Pricing Education and Marketing Roads/Traffic Management 2

Implementation  Cost: $ = <$100,000 $$ = $100,000 - $1,000,000 $$$ = >$1,000,000  Time frame: Short = fully implementable within 5 years Medium = implementable within 5 – 10 years Long = implementable within 10 – 20 years, or longer 3

Greenhouse gas (GHG) impacts  Strategy effectiveness is measured in several ways: –GHG emissions reduction potential –Vehicle miles travelled (VMT) reduction potential –Qualitatively where there is little data on effectiveness 4

5 COMMUNITY DESIGN STRATEGIES Photo courtesy Don Hankins

Mixed-use Development 5-25% Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) reduction:

Implementation 7 CostTimeframe $Short $ - $$Short $$ - $$$Medium  Mixed-use zoning  Developer incentives  Supportive public infrastructure

Potential impacts 8 EQUITY $ ECONOMY HEALTH

Active Transportation 5-15% Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) reduction:

Implementation 10 CostTimeframe $Short $$ - $$$Medium  Developer regulations  Public infrastructure

Potential impacts 11 EQUITY $ ECONOMY HEALTH

Improve public transit 1-8% GHG emissions reduction potential:

Implementation 13 CostTimeframe $$Short $$Short $$ - $$$Medium $$$Long  Transit amenities  Reduce transit fares  Increase service  Increase high capacity transit

Potential impacts 14 EQUITY $ ECONOMY HEALTH

15 PRICING STRATEGIES Photo courtesy WSDOT

Congestion pricing 1-2% GHG emissions reduction potential: Mileage fee GHG emissions reduction potential: 1-5%

Implementation 17 CostTimeframe $$$Long $$$Long  Congestion pricing  Statewide mileage fee

Other pricing strategies 1-3% GHG emissions reduction potential: 1-2% Pay-as-you- drive insurance

Implementation 19 CostTimeframe $$$Long $$$Long  Pay-as-you-drive insurance  Parking pricing  Increase gas tax  Carbon pricing

Potential impacts 20 EQUITY $ ECONOMY HEALTH

21 EDUCATION & MARKETING STRATEGIES

Ridesharing, carsharing, and carpooling Dependent on level of participation GHG emissions reduction potential:

Implementation 23 CostTimeframe $$$Long $$$Long  Carsharing  Carpooling  Ridesharing programs

Travel options education 1-3% Vehicle miles travelled reduction potential: Commute trips reduction: 1-6% Telecommuting

Implementation 25 CostTimeframe $Medium $Short  Travel options education  Telecommuting

Potential impacts 26 EQUITY $ ECONOMY HEALTH

27 ROADS/TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Incident management GHG reduction potential: Photo courtesy News Tribune Ramp meters/ signal coordination GHG reduction potential: Minimal

Implementation 29 CostTimeframe $$-$$$Medium $$Short $$Medium  Incident management  Traffic signal coordination  Ramp metering

Potential impacts 30 EQUITY $ ECONOMY HEALTH