TRANSPORTATION CHALLENGES OF THE 21st CENTURY by Robert Q. Riley Ford hybrid-electric concept car

WORLD CAR POPULATION n Greater Demand & Less Resources n Accelerated Greenhouse Emissions n Environment & Energy Trends = Negative Economic Impacts Developing World - 300% Increase Between 1995 & 2020

WORLD PETROLEUM RESERVES Billion Barrels Total Remaining Total Recovered United States Canada Mexico, Central America, & South America Western Europe Middle East Eastern Europe, Former U.S.S.R., China Other Eastern Hemisphere Total Oil Recovered Since 1859 & Total Remaining as of 1990 Protecting Against Limited Supplies, Future Monopolies, and Price Increases

GREENHOUSE EMISSIONS & GLOBAL WARMING Source of U.S. CO 2 Emissions 1997 Global Carbon Emissions 1820 to Projection History

THE REAL COST OF PETROLEUM MOTOR FUEL Environmental Damage Agricultural Losses Increased Health Care Expenses Higher Insurance Premiums U.S. Military Expenses for Protecting Middle East Oil Supplies $45/Barrel $15/Barrel $9/Barrel Price of a Barrel of Oil Actual Cost of Oil is at Least $69 Per Barrel

DIFFERENT ROADS: AUTOMOBILES FOR THE NEXT CENTURY n Hybrid Power Systems n Battery Electric Cars n New Vehicle Types n Alternative Fuels n Restructured Cities n New Ways of Working XR-3 Tilting Three Wheel Vehicle