Gene Technology Genetic engineering is one of the newest concepts that is trying to solve issues in the areas of agriculture, medicine and the human genome project.

Recombinant DNA Is a molecule that forms when fragments of DNA from two or more different organisms are spliced together in a laboratory.

Genetic Engineering Is the process of moving genes from the chromosomes of one organism to those of another.

Cloning Growing a large number of identical cells from one cell.

Cleaving DNA Cutting the source chromosome into fragments.

Restriction Enzymes Special enzymes that recognize and bind to specific short sequences of nucleotide bases and cut the DNA at a specific site.

Vector A delivery agent that carries the ribosomal RNA.

Nitrogen Fixation Is the process of converting nitrogen into a form that plants can use.

Vaccine Is a harmless version of a disease causing microbe that are injected into animals or people so that their immune systems develop defenses against the disease.

Antibodies Defensive proteins that protect the organism against disease causing microbes by stopping the growth of the microbe before the disease can develop.

Zoopharmacognosy The chemistry of plants used medicinally by animals.

Biotechnology Deals with the development of drugs, using enzymes and catalysts; also development of chemical and genetic engineering processes that are safe for the environment.

Gene Therapy Consists of introducing genes that an individual lacks in order to produce the hormones or proteins necessary for life.

Pedigree A chart that shows how a trait moves from one generation to the next in a family. A classic example is that of Queen Victoria of England.

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