Carbohydrates Contain the Elements:

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Presentation transcript:

Carbohydrates Contain the Elements: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen They Are Split Into Three Groups Known As: Monosaccharides(Monomers) Disaccharides(Dimers) Polsaccharides(Polymers)

Carbohydrates Many carbohydrates are soluble in water. The usual chemical test for the simpler carbohydrates is heating with Benedicts solution. The formula for a carbohydrate is (CH2O)n The n represents the number of times the CH2O unite is repeated.

Monosaccharides (monos) The Most Important Monosaccharide Is Glucose. A Monosaccharide is made up of 1 sugar unit. Monos are reducing sugars. Fructose and Galactose are all so Monosaccharides, They all have the same chemical formula but different structures.

Glucose The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6. It is a six sided ring. The structure on the left is a simplified structure of glucose

Glycosidic Bond This is when two monosaccharides join to form a Disaccharide. The reaction is similar to condensation. The reaction involves the water been given off. There are three types of Disaccharides: Sucrose Lactose Maltose

Glycosidic Bond Above is the structures of a Glycosidic bond. It forms a Disaccharide

Structural formula The structural formula for Maltose. The structural formula for Lactose.

Hydrolysis This is the breaking down of a glycosidic bond. Instead of water been taken away water is added. Lysis means splitting.

By Sarah Kennedy Tutor Mr Rothery Data 14.11.02