CHAPTER On Cooking A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals Fifth Edition Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

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CHAPTER On Cooking A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals Fifth Edition Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Flavors and Flavorings 6

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Figure 6.1 The human tongue and taste buds.

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Figure 6.2 The human olfactory system.

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Basil

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Opal Basil

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Bay Leaves

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Chervil

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Micro Basil

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Micro Chervil

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Garlic Chives

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Chives

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Cilantro

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Curry Leaves

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Epazote

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Epazote (continued)

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Lavender

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Lemongrass

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Fragrant Lime Leaves

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Marjoram

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Spearmint

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Peppermint

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Oregano

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Parsley

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Rosemary

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Italian Parsley

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Sage

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Savory

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Tarragon

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Thyme

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Aleppo Pepper

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Allspice

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Anise Seeds

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Annatto Seeds

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Star Anise

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Capers

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Caraway Seeds

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Cardamom Seeds

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Cayenne Pepper

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Paprika

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Chilli Powder

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Crushed Chiles

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Ground Cinnamon and Cinnamon Sticks

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Cloves

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Coriander Seeds

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Cumin

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Fennel

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Fenugreek

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Filé Powder

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Ginger Root

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Grains of Paradise

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Horseradish Root

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Juniper Berries

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Mustard Seeds

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Ground Mustard

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Whole Nutmegs with Ground Mace (left) and Ground Nutmeg (right)

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Mace

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Black Pepper (left) and White Pepper (right

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Green Peppercorns

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Pink Peppercorns

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Szechuan Pepper

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Poppy Seeds

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Saffron

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Sesame Seeds

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Sumac

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Tamarind Pods

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Tamarind Paste

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Turmeric

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Wasabi

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Five-Spice Powder

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Curry Powder

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Herbes de Provence

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Pickling Spice

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Za’atar

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Rock Salt

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Kosher Salt

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Fleur de Sel

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Canola Oil

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Hazelnut Oil

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Balsamic Vinegar, Raspberry Vinegar and Cider Vinegar

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Fermented Black Bean Sauce

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Fish Sauce

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Yellow Mustard

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Dijon Mustard

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Whole-Grain Mustard

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Brown Mustard

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Soy Sauce

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Wooden Cork Pull

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Waiter’s Corkscrew

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Lever-Type Corkscrew

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel Hops Flowers

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel TABLE 6.6 (continued) LIQUEURS COMMONLY USED AS FLAVORINGS

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel SIGNATURE FLAVORS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN Fruit display in a market in Italy

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel SIGNATURE FLAVORS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN Wild mushrooms and chestnuts in Avignon, France

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel SIGNATURE FLAVORS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN Artichokes in Sicily

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel THE FLAVORS OF ASIA Produce market in India

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel CHILES: THE FIERY HEART OF MEXICAN COOKING Chiles in a market in Mexico

Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2003 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved. On Cooking: A Textbook of Culinary Fundamentals, Fifth Edition Sarah R. Labensky Alan M. Hause Priscilla A. Martel CREOLE FLAVORS Market in Guadaloupe