The Passive Voice Being Acted Upon……

Learning Target  Understand the difference between the active and passive voices.  Learn to use and understand the passive voice personal endings in the 4 tenses we know so far.

What voice have we learned previously?  The only ‘voice’ we have learned to this point is the __________ voice.  On a small piece of paper, write a sentence in Latin that shows the subject is acting. (Some share with class)

Active VS Passive Voice  A sentence is in the active voice when the verb shows that the subject is acting.  Puella portat. The girl carries.  When the passive voice is being used, the verb shows that the subject is being acted upon.  Puella portatur. The girl is being carried.

Passive Endings – how to recognize the passive voice  -r-mur  -ris-minī  -tur-ntur

Word Stems Remain the Same!  The Passive Voice endings are added to the same stems that were used in Active Voice  There are a few exceptions: any form that ends in –o in the active voice (ex. amo, amabo)  These forms keep the –o ending. The passive –r ending is added after the ‘o’.  amor, amabor  2 nd person singular in several tenses is also an exception. Please mark these exceptions in your conjugating booklet!

Present Passive (1 st Conj.)  portorportāmur  portārisportāmini  portāturportāntur

Present Passive – 3 rd Conj. Notice the ‘exception’ here!  ponorponimur  ponerisponimini  poniturponuntur

Be Sure to….. Review Charts in Book  Look over, and make notes on, charts in Lesson 27 (pp 188 – 189). Include all of these charts in your notes.  Add passive endings to your verb conjugating booklet for all 4 tenses of each conjugation. NOTE any exceptions!

CAVEAT - Active Progressive Form vs Passive Verb Phrase  Specto – can mean I watch, I do watch or I am watching. ‘I am watching’ is the active progressive form (in English). It uses a form of the ‘to be’ verb as a ‘helper’. Vocabant – ‘they were calling’ is also active progressive (in imperfect tense). What is the ‘helper word’?  In passive voice, we would use the word spector, which means ‘I am being watched’ or vocabatur, which means he was being called. Both use a form of the ‘to be’ verb, but have different functions in a sentence.  Continued…..

Active Progressive vs Passive Verb Phrase, cont.  The use of the ‘to be’ word can create confusion in English  However, it is NOT confusing in Latin. The forms have different endings, so it is very easy to distinguish between the two.  Learn the Passive Personal Endings (on the chart on board!) Also, make charts in your notebook from pp

Ticket Out the Door  Using the same small paper, conjugate a verb from the first conjugation in present tense, passive voice, writing the meaning beside each word. Be sure your name is on the paper!