Fluids.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 12 Forces & Fluids.

Advertisements

The pressure is on Which is the best design for a dam? Explain your answer. Which dam is more likely to break? Explain your answer.

Page 1 Phys101 Lectures Fluids I Key points: Pressure and Pascal’s Principle Buoyancy and Archimedes’ Principle Ref: 10-1,2,3,4,5,6,7.

Fluid Mechanics Density is mass per unit of volume. ρ = m / V ρ = density m = mass (kg) V = volume (m 3 ) Things with low densities float in things with.

Matter 1. Density: m – mass V – volume Units:

Static Fluids Fluids are substances, such as liquids and gases, that have no rigidity. A fluid lacks a fixed shape and assumes the shape of its container.

Fluids - Statics Level 1 Physics. Essential Questions and Objectives Essential Questions What are the physical properties of fluid states of matter? What.

Pressure and Fluids. What’s the point? What principles govern hydraulic and pneumatic machines? Why do some things float on water?

Ch. 19 Liquids. Molecules flow, moving/flowing over one another. Takes the shape of its container.

Chapter 13 Forces in Fluids.

Lecture 8b – States of Matter Fluid Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

Hydrostatics Fluids at Rest.

Static Fluids Fluids are substances, such as liquids and gases, that have no rigidity. A fluid lacks a fixed shape and assumes the shape of its container.

Pressure in Fluid Systems

Pgs  Calculate the pressure exerted by a fluid.  Explain Pascal’s Principle.  Calculate how pressure varies with depth in a fluid.

Fluid Mechanics Ellen Akers. Fluids A fluid is a substance that has the ability to flow and change its shape. Gases and liquids are both fluids. Liquids.

Chapter 10: Fluids Three (common) phases of matter: 1. Solid: Maintains shape & size (approx.), even under large forces. 2. Liquid: No fixed shape. Takes.

PRESSURE OF A FLUID Barometer air pressure pressure = height of mercury column.

Terms Density Specific Gravity Pressure Gauge Pressure

Chapter 15 Fluid Mechanics. Density Example Find the density of an 4g mass with a volume of 2cm 3.

Chapter 10 Fluids.

Chapter 11 Fluids. Density and Specific Gravity The density ρ of an object is its mass per unit volume: The SI unit for density is kg/m 3. Density is.

Advanced Physics Chapter 10 Fluids. Chapter 10 Fluids 10.1 Phases of Matter 10.2 Density and Specific Gravity 10.3 Pressure in Fluids 10.4 Atmospheric.

Fluid Mechanics Chapter 13 2 Fluid Anything that can flow A liquid or a gas Physics Chapter 13.

Warm-up Pick up the free response at the door and begin working on it.

Pressure; Pascal’s Principle

Fluids AP Physics Chapter 10.

Chapter 10 Fluids. Units of Chapter 10 Phases of Matter Density Pressure in Fluids Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure Pascal’s Principle Measurement.

A fluid is a state of matter in which the particles are free to move around one another. No definite shape exists. The term “fluid” encompasses liquids.

Fluid Mechanics - Hydrostatics AP Physics 2. States of Matter Before we begin to understand the nature of a Fluid we must understand the nature of all.

© 2005 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their.

L 13 Fluids [2]: Statics  fluids at rest  More on fluids at rest  How is atmospheric pressure measured?  Buoyancy: How can a steel boat float?

Pressure and Fluids § 12.1–12.3. Density Relating “how big” to “how much” § 12.1.

Solids and Fluids Chapter 9. Phases of Matter  Solid – definite shape and volume  Liquid – definite volume but assumes the shape of its container 

1 Fluid Mechanics Chapter 13 2 Fluid Anything that can flow A liquid or a gas.

Chapter 9 Fluid Mechanics. Fluids “A nonsolid state of matter in which the atoms or molecules are free to move past each other, as in a gas or liquid.”

Fluids Honors Physics. Liquids In a liquid, molecules flow freely from position to position by sliding over each other Have definite volume Do not have.

Introduction To Fluids. Density  = m/V  = m/V   : density (kg/m 3 )  m: mass (kg)  V: volume (m 3 )

Fluids 101 Chapter 10. Fluids Any material that flows and offers little resistance to changing its shape. –Liquids –Gases –Plasma?

Advanced Physics Chapter 10 Fluids.

Pressure and Fluids § 15.1–15.5. Density Relating “how big” to “how much” § 15.1.

Chapter 1.2 Notes Pressure. All matter is made up of atoms and molecules. All matter is made up of atoms and molecules. Matter can exist in four states:

Chapter 11 Fluids Fluids are materials that can flow: gases and liquids. Air is the most common gas, and moves from place to place as wind. Water is the.

Pressure – The result of force distributed over an area – Pressure = Force(in Newton's – N)/area (m 2 ) Pascal (Pa) – SI unit for Pressure – Named after.

Fluids. Units of Chapter 10 Phases of Matter Density and Specific Gravity Pressure in Fluids Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure Pascal’s Principle.

Ch. 1.2 Pressure in Fluid Systems. States of Matter Matter can exist in four states: solid, liquid, gas and plasma. Atomic and molecular motion is different.

Fluid Mechanics - Hydrostatics AP Physics B. States of Matter Before we begin to understand the nature of a Fluid we must understand the nature of all.

Introduction To Fluids. Density ρ = m/V ρ = m/V  ρ: density (kg/m 3 )  m: mass (kg)  V: volume (m 3 )

L 13 Fluids [2]: Statics  fluids at rest  More on fluids at rest  How is atmospheric pressure measured?  Today’s weather Today’s weather Today’s weather.

Archimede’s Principle An object immersed in a fluid has an upward (buoyant) force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. F B =  gV F B = buoyant.

Fluid Mechanics Chapter 8. Fluids Ability to flow Ability to change shape Both liquids and gases Only liquids have definite volume.

Pressure Force per unit area Units: Pa (N/m 2 ), lb/in 2, atm, torr, mmHg P = pressure, N (psi) F=force, N (lb) A= area, m 2 (in 2 )

Chapter 11 – Forces in Fluids. Pressure The amount of pressure you exert depends on the area over which you exert force. Pressure is equal to the force.

Chapter 10 Fluids Pressure in Fluids Pressure is defined as the force per unit area. Pressure is a scalar; the units of pressure in the SI system.

Pressure and Fluids.  A gas sample is confined in a chamber with a piston. A small load is put on the piston. If the total weight of piston and load.

Phys 250 Ch10 p1 Chapter 10: Fluids Fluids: substances which flow Liquids: take the shape of their container but have a definite volume Gases: take the.

Chapter 12: Forces and Fluids

Physics Section 8.2 Apply the properties of pressure

Chapter 10: Fluids.

Static Fluids Fluid – any substance that takes the form of the container in which it is held. (gases and liquids)

Fluid Mechanics Presentation on FLUID STATICS BY Group:

When you catch a deep-sea fish, why does its eyes pop-out?

3.2 Pressure and the Buoyant Force

Physical Science Forces in Fluids.

Chapter 8 Buoyancy.

Group Work When a 40.0-kg diver stands at rest at the end of a diving board, the board deflects downward 10.0 cm. When she jumps up and lands back on.

FLUIDS A fluid is any substance that flows and conforms to the boundaries of its container. A fluid could be a gas or a liquid. An ideal fluid is assumed.

Fluid Properties Chapter 16 Section 2.

Presentation transcript:

Fluids

Definition Has no fixed shape Ability to flow

Density (ρ) Mass per unit volume ρ = m/V SI unit – kg/m3 Specific to different materials (pg. 301) What is the mass of a solid iron wrecking ball of radius 18cm?

Specific Gravity Ratio of density of a substance to the density of water (1000 kg/m3) What is the specific gravity of whole blood?

Pressure Force per unit area: P = F/A Unit N/m2 = pascal (Pa) Fluids exert pressure in all directions Pressure due to liquid at any depth, h, is due to the weight of the liquid above it

Equation F = mg m = ρV V = Ah F = ρAhg P = F / A P = ρAhg/A P = ρhg (for liquids) Called Gauge Pressure

Pressure is directly proportional to density and depth Pressure at equal depths in the same liquids is the same

At the same height, which experiences a greater water pressure at the bottom?

Example The surface of a water storage tank is 30m above the faucet in the kitchen. Calculate the water gauge pressure in the faucet.

Atmospheric Pressure Unit – atmosphere (atm) 1atm = 101.3 kPa If the surface of a liquid is open, the total pressure is the sum of the atmospheric and gauge pressures P = Pa + ρgh

Example What is the total pressure on a scuba diver in a lake at a depth of 8.00? (standard atmospheric pressure)

Pascal’s Principle Pressure applied to a confined fluid increases the pressure throughout by the same amount Pout = Pin F1 = F2 A1 A2

Small force over small area is the same as a large force over a large area - Hydraulics

Example The area of the output piston is 20x that of the input cylinder. What force would need to be applied to lift a 1800kg car?

Buoyancy Upward net force on objects within a liquid Occurs because pressure in a fluid increases with depth Since the bottom is deeper, more force is pushing up than force on the bottom pushing down Net upward force pushes objects up

Archimedes Principle Weight of fluid displaced is equal to the volume of the object

FB = ρfluidgVsubmerged

Example A 70kg statue lies at the bottom of the sea. Its volume is 3.0 x 10-2 m3. How much force is needed to lift it? When a crown of mass 14.7kg is submerged in water, an accurate scale reads only 13.4kg. Is the crown gold?