Information Systems Lecture 10,11,12 IT Fundamentals MBA (II) 4 th Semester Farhan Mir

Lectures Administration IT Fundamentals –Hardware & Software –Telecommunication –Databases Case Studies finalization Assignment 2

IT Fundamentals IS Decomposition –Information Information Management (for example: policy making) –Technical components Hardware Fundamentals Software Fundamentals Database Management Telecommunications Why we are studying these fundamentals? –These constitute the technical composition of the systems –IS Cost resides majorly in this part –The need for the “Hottest Technology Available”(Need for Awareness)

Glimpse of few Decisions Technology –Latest Hardwares (Input, Output, Processing) –Updation of Legacy Hardwares (Maintenance Problems) –Size/Capacity/Speed issues Software –In-house Development System Requirement through Analysis Development Process Implementation & Feedback VS –Buying Option Cost/Benefit Analysis System Needs Implementation and Feedback –Coordination & Communication issues

Glimpses of few Decisions Broader Decisions –IT Application analysis (where we need IT applications in Business) –Quantitative Assessment in context of cost/benefit analysis –Business Approvals for Investment –Training –User Interface –Change Management –Database (Size and usage issues)

Hardware Fundamentals Background Input Devices Processing Output Devices Storage Media Networking Hardware Management Issues

Background Traditional Computing Environment –Large Vs small organizational computing –Mainframes –Mini –PC environment –Networking Needs Technological Advancements –Awareness –Affordable cost –Availability

Hardware Fundamentals Input Devices –From Traditional keyboard entry to automated input –Graphics & Ease –Development of new enhanced input procedures Processing –Speed & Capacity (parallel processing) Output Devices –Output needs –Daily life pervasiveness –Organizational communication channel (& Marketing aspects) Storage….Networking….

Contemporary Hardware Issues IT portfolio analysis (Heavy Investment) Maintenance –Backup –Disaster Recovery Compatibility Future Planning –Technological Advancement –Cost Vs. Quality question

Software Fundamentals System Software Application Software Software Engineering & Tools Trends regarding software Management Concerns

System Software Operating System –Microcomputer OS DOS Windows Unix (GUI, Common User Access) –Networking OS Netware –Large Scale OS Multiprocessing Multitasking Other Important Software –System Management Software System utilities Language Translators

Application Software General Application –Word Processing –Spreadsheets –File Managers Special Purpose Software –TP –Scheduling –Analysis & Decision Making –Presentation –Communication –Training –Programming From low level to 4GLs

Management Issues Application Backlogs –Different Applications build in different languages –Lengthy Development processes –System Development requires commitments, time, patience Make –System Requirement –User Interface –User Involvement Vs. Buy –Availability of Built-in applications –Cost Vs. Quality Issues –Organization Wide Systems reducing compatibility issues –Contract Management through Outsourcing

References Charles Parker, Thomas Case. (2000). “Management Information Systems: Action & Strategy”. (2 nd Ed). Chapter 5,6 Kenneth C. Laudon & Jane P. Laudon (2001). “Management Information Systems: Managing a Digital Firm”.(7 th Ed). Chapter 5,6 James O’Brien. (1998). “Introduction to Information Systems: A Networked Enterprise Perspective”. (2 nd Ed). Chapter 2,3