Chapter 25 Organic Review. Hydrocarbon Prefixes: IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Hydrocarbon prefixes methC ethC-C propC-C-C.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 25 Organic Review

Hydrocarbon Prefixes: IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Hydrocarbon prefixes methC ethC-C propC-C-C butC-C-C-C PentC-C-C-C-C hexC-C-C-C-C-C heptC-C-C-C-C-C-C octC-C-C-C-C-C-C-C nonC-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C decC-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C mosquitos eat people’s blood meth= 1 eth = 2 prop= 3 but = 4 Memory device

carbon 4 hydrogen methyl trans Trans = opposite sides of double bond.

6. Define an isomer: An isomer is when the same molecular formula has different structural formulas. 7. Draw the structural formula for propane. propaneprop- = 3 CCC HHH H HHH H 8. Draw the structural formula for ethane. ethaneeth- = 2 CC HH H HH H

9. Draw the structural formula for octane. octaneoct- = 8 CC HH H HH C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H C H H H

10. Draw the structural formula for Benzene. C C C C C C H H H H H H Could also be drawn as: or

11. Draw the structural formula for: 3-methyl-2-phenyl hexane. C C C C C C H H H H H CC HH H HH C H H C H C H C H H H CH H H

12. Draw the structural formula for: 1-butene. H H HHH H HCCCC butenebut- = 4 ene = double bond after 1 st carbon H

13. Draw the structural formula for: propyne. H H H HCCC propyneprop- = 3 yne = triple bond after 1 st carbon

14. Draw the structural formula for the two isomers of butane. butanebut- = 4 isomer = different structural arrangement. H H HHH H HCCCC HH H CCCC H H H H H H H H H H 2-methylpropane

15. Draw two isomers of pentane. C H HH HC H H C H C H H C H H H 2,2-dimethylpropane Pentane 2-methylbutane C H H H C H H C H H C H H C H H H C H HH HC H H C H C H H CH H H C 5 H 12

The other isomers have branches. This is the only straight chain structure.

Find the longest chain of carbons. (Parent chain) The parent chain and the last word in the name. heptane Count so branched groups get the lowest numbering. Identify substituents. (Branched groups) methyl trimethyl 3,3,5 -

The asymmetric carbon has different groups in each direction.

Trans isomers have groups attached to opposite sides of the double bond.

CC HH H HH C H H C H C } H C H H C H H C H H H HH