Math Extra Credit By: Astrid Pedroza Period:6 November

Prime & Composite Numbers Prime numbers- A number that has EXACTLY 2 factors, itself and 1. Example: 2, 3, 5, 7 Composite numbers- A number that has 2 or more factors. Example: 10, 9, 8, 6

Simplifying Fractions To simplify a fraction you have to divide by the gcf. Example: 3/6 3/3 = 1/3 8/16 8/8 = 1/8

Converting Fractions & Decimals When converting a fraction into a decimal you must divide. Example: ¼_4/1= /8_8/3= Converting a decimal into a fraction you have to use 10. Examples: 0.3 = 3/ = 29/ = 199/1000

Converting Fraction into Percents CONVERTING FRACTIONS INTO PERCENTS Step 1: Divide; Numerator Denominator. Step 2: Move the decimal point 2 places to the RIGHT. Step 3: Add a percent sign (%) Example: 6/20 20/6= 0.3_ %

Converting Percents into Fractions Step 1: Put the number over 100 Step 2: Reduce Examples: 64% = 64/100 2/2 = 32/50 2/2 = 16/50 45% = 45/100 5/5 = 9/25 88% = 88/100 5/5 = 44/50 2/2 = 22/25

Converting Percents into Decimals Step 1: Remove % sign Step 2: Move the decimal point 2 places to the LEFT. Examples: 29% = 29 = % = 163 =1.63 5% = 5 = 0.05

Converting Decimals into Percents Step 1: Move the decimal point 2 places to the RIGHT. Step 2: Add % sign Example: 0.62 = 62% 0.8 = 80% 1.96 = 169% 15 ½ = = 1263% =.9%

Ordering Rational Numbers Least to Greatest 3 Examples 1. -5, -3, -1, , -4, -2, 0, 8, , -4, 0, 1/8, 0.3, 9/10, 1

Unit Rate Unit Rate is the ratio of two measurements in which the second term is 1. Some common unit rates are miles per hour, cost per item, earnings per week, etc. Example: If Ximena earns $180 in 20 hours, then unit rate of her earnings is given as: 180/20 = 4 per hr.

Proportions Proportions- An equation stating that 2 ratios are equal. Examples: 20/5 = 40/10 6/c = 24/28 24c= 6x28 24c= 168 c=7

Percent of a Number Every statement of percent involves three numbers. Example,8 is 50% of is called the Amount. 50% is the Percent. 16 is called the Base. The Base always follows "of." Examples: $300 in 60 hrs = 300/6 = $ miles on 8 gallons = 220/8 = 27.5 mpg Ham Bad Size: 8 Cost: $9.88 = 8/9.88 = $1.23 per lbs

Consumer Math Sales Tax- Amount added to original price List Price- Original price Total Cost- List price + Sales Tax Formula: LP x Rate = Sales Tax Examples: What is the sales tax on ST? 110 x 0.05 = $5.50 What if the total cost of grocery if they are listed at $74.50 and there is a 7% sales tax? x 0.07 = 5.22 $ = $79.72

Consumer Math Discount- The amount by which the list price is reduced Sales Tax: LP-D Rate of Discount- The % of discount Tent 17% discount Skateboard 35% discount What’s the sales price? D= LP x Rate D= LP x D D= 50 x 0.17 D= 149 x 0.35 D= 8.50 D= What’s the sales price? SP= LP-D SP= LP-D SP= 149 x SP= SP= $96.85 SP= $41.50

Consumer Math Using all steps in consumer math. Coat 25% discount: 6% sales tax D=LP x R D= 310x0.25 D=$77.50 SP= LP-D SP= SP= ST= LP x R ST=232.50x0.06 ST=13.95 TC= LP+ST TC= TC=

Consumer Math Simple Interest Interest: Principle x Rate x Time in Years Principle: The amount deposited or borrowed Example: Principle= $8000 Rate= 6% Time= 7 years I= PRT I= 8000x06x7 I= 3360

Adding Integers Rule 1: If they have the SAME SIGN, ADD them and use their sign. Examples: -3+-5= =9 Rule 2: If they have different signs subtract (BIG-Small) and use the sign of the bigger number. Examples: 16+(-9)= = -61

Subtracting Integers Rule: Same Change Change Examples: = -9 – 9= = -32 – (-21)= -11

Multiplying and Dividing Integers Rule: Positive Negative Examples: Pos. x Pos. Pos. x Neg. 2x3=6 -6x-7=-42 Neg. x Neg. Neg. x Pos. 5(-3)=15 -9x8=-72 Pos./ Pos. Pos./Neg. 25/5 = 5 -32/8=4 Neg./Neg. Neg./Pos.

Integers Absolute Value Absolute Value- The distance a number is in the number line. Example: -9 = 9 -C=C Z=Z Ordering Integers Example- Least to greatest: -5, -3, -1, 0, 6, 91 Comparing Integers Examples: -15>(-17) -13>0

Order of Operations 1.Parenthesis ( ) 2.Exponents 3.Multiplicative or Divide (Left to Right) 4.Add or Subtract (Left to Right) Example: 100-6x5/ /

One-Step Operations Inverse Operation: Opposite operation And & Subtract - Multiply & Divide Examples: 3V/3 = -39/3 V= 13 C-8=3 C= e=40 e=

Two-Step Operations Step1: Add or Subtract Step2: Multiply or Divide Examples: 2g+3= -11 –(-3) 2g= g= -7 5f-1=14 5f/5=15/ f=3

Coordinate Graphing Y axis II (+,+) (-,+) I X axis III (+,-) (-,-) IV Example of coordinate plane

Coordinate Graphing TABLE - 9 RULE: X+3=Y - 8 X Y Example of coordinate graphing

Properties Commutative Property: In addition and multiplication, the order doesn’t matter. Examples: 9x8=72 8x9=72 3+5=8 5+3=8 Associative Property: Grouping numbers together that are easy to work with (Addition & Multiplication) Examples: 6x23x10 = (13x10)x = (3+7)+61

Properties Distribute Property: Distribute your number though the problem using multiplication Example: a(Z x Y) = a (Z) + a (Y) = aZ+aY Inverse Property: State that when a number is combined with its inverse, it is equal to its identity. Example: Inverse of a is - a so that a + (- a) = 0.

Probability Probability: The measure of how likely an event is. Event: One or more outcomes of an experiment. Experiment: Situation involving chance or probability that leads to results called outcomes. Outcome: result of a single trial of an experiment. Example: A spinner has 4 equal sectors colored yellow, blue, green and red. What are the chances of landing on blue after spinning the spinner? What are the chances of landing on red? Answer: ¼ because there is one red section out of four. And ¼ because there is one blue section out of four.

Venn Diagrams Venn Diagrams compare two or more things thing that are different from each other. Examples: