PHRASES AND VERBALS Appositives, Infinitive and Prepositional Phrases

An appositive is a noun or pronoun -- often with modifiers -- set beside another noun or pronoun to explain or identify it.

Appositives ▫Your friend Jack is in the house. ▫Carlyn’s new dog, a small chihuahua, is running around the field. ▫My lawyer, an old friend of my mother’s, advised me not to talk to you. ▫A bold man, Odysseus tricked the Cyclops.

Appositives- use of punctuation Use commas to separate appositives when: ▫The information is not essential to the sentence  My brother, a policeman, turned 50 yesterday. ▫“My brother turned 50 yesterday” does not need “a policeman” to know who the subject of the sentence is. Do not use commas when: ▫The information is essential to understand the subject.  The Pulitzer Prize Winner Bharati Mukherjee was at Border’s for a book signing event.

Infinitives vs. Prepositional Phrases List infinitivesList prepositional phrases To ____________ To To ____________ To For On After

An infinitive is a verbal consisting of the word to plus a verb; it may be used as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

Infinitive Phrases I wanted to swim alone. To believe in people is what inspires me everyday. The genie decided not to grant all your wishes.

Vocabulary Sentences Write sentences at least 12 words long in OneNote. Follow the instructions for each one. ▫displace (v.) to change the place of; to place in another situation. Add an infinitive. ▫dubious (adj.) of questionable character; doubtful, uncertain, undecided. Add an appositive. ▫eccentric (adj.) departing from conventional norms or patterns; strange; odd. Add an infinitive phrase. ▫effigy (n.) a crude figure or dummy representing a hated person or group [was burned in effigy] Add an appositive. ▫effulgence (n.) a brilliant radiance Add an infinitive. ▫enamor (v.) to inspire with love; to captivate Add an infinitive phrase. HW: Study all vocab and today’s grammar for quiz Monday.