Robert Gagne Carol-Ann Murray Marybeth Levan Mike Wilston Ryan Huisjes

Conditions of Learning Considered the building blocks to learning. Considered the building blocks to learning. There are specific learning conditions required for the achievement of each outcome. There are specific learning conditions required for the achievement of each outcome. He talks about nine specific events of instruction. He talks about nine specific events of instruction.

Gaining attention Being receptive to the “hook” STEP 1: What We’re Doing: What You’re Doing:

Informing you of the objective Expecting that the objective will eventually be met STEP 2 What We’re Doing: What You’re Doing:

Stimulating recall of prior learning Retrieving information about the topic from your long term memory STEP 3 What We’re Doing: What You’re Doing:

Presenting the Stimulus Experiencing the stimulus in a way unique to what you already know STEP 4 What We’re Doing: What You’re Doing:

Providing Learner Guidance Eliciting Performance Providing Feedback Semantic Encoding (making meaning out of the new material presented) Responding (doing the task presented) Reinforcement of your new found knowledge STEPS 5, 6, 7 What We’re Doing: What You’re Doing:

First there's IGNEOUS rock Here since Earth was born Molten Lava, cooled and hardened That's how it is formed Rock Cycle Song (sung to the tune of Row Row Row your Boat)

SEDIMENTARY rock Has been formed in layers Often found near water sources With fossils from decayers Rock Cycle Song (sung to the tune of Row Row Row your Boat)

These two types of rocks Can also be transformed With pressure, heat and chemicals METAMORPHIC they'll become. Rock Cycle Song (sung to the tune of Row Row Row your Boat)

Assessing Performance STEP 8 (almost there) What We’re Doing:

Enhancing retention and Transfer Practice knowledge and apply it in new situations What You’re Doing: STEP 9 What We’re Doing:

First there's IGNEOUS rock Here since Earth was born Molten Lava, cooled and hardened That's how it is formed First there's IGNEOUS rock Here since Earth was born Molten Lava, cooled and hardened That's how it is formed SEDIMENTARY rock Has been formed in layers Often found near water sources With fossils from decayers SEDIMENTARY rock Has been formed in layers Often found near water sources With fossils from decayers These two types of rocks Can also be transformed With pressure, heat and chemicals METAMORPHIC they'll become. These two types of rocks Can also be transformed With pressure, heat and chemicals METAMORPHIC they'll become. Rock Cycle Song (sung to the tune of Row Row Row your Boat)

The Nine Instructional Events

Sara is bored … She yawns frequently during math problems She yawns frequently during math problems Is not following along in language arts Is not following along in language arts Writes ‘boring’ in the journal Writes ‘boring’ in the journal

When interested … Sara helps several students with their science title pages and turns in one of the best ones herself Sara helps several students with their science title pages and turns in one of the best ones herself

Gaining Attention is Essential Three 25 minute activities Three 25 minute activities No hook No hook No wonder that a gifted student is bored No wonder that a gifted student is bored

Assessment and Feedback Later, she wants to have her workbook checked. She has not torn out pages as Ms. Mercer instructed. Sara is told to “Do it right.” Sara has not creased the paper as Ms. Mercer demonstrated so the pages do not come out easily. Sara frowns and looks away. Suddenly she yanks the paper and the pages come out with jagged edges. She receives 7 out of 10 for her work. Ms. Mercer says, “Sara, this is good. I wish you could get a hundred percent.” Sara slaps herself on the forehead. Later, she wants to have her workbook checked. She has not torn out pages as Ms. Mercer instructed. Sara is told to “Do it right.” Sara has not creased the paper as Ms. Mercer demonstrated so the pages do not come out easily. Sara frowns and looks away. Suddenly she yanks the paper and the pages come out with jagged edges. She receives 7 out of 10 for her work. Ms. Mercer says, “Sara, this is good. I wish you could get a hundred percent.” Sara slaps herself on the forehead. Feedback is brutal … Sara is only told to listen, not how to improve Feedback is brutal … Sara is only told to listen, not how to improve

Recommendations made to Ms. Mercer: Talk to Mrs. Porter about Sara’s need for sleep in order to arrive at school on time and to pay attention to what is going on in the classroom. Talk to Mrs. Porter about Sara’s need for sleep in order to arrive at school on time and to pay attention to what is going on in the classroom. Set up a daily communication book that Sara will carry back and forth to school in order to correspond daily with Mrs. Porter about Sara’s school arrival time and her level of attention throughout the day. Set up a daily communication book that Sara will carry back and forth to school in order to correspond daily with Mrs. Porter about Sara’s school arrival time and her level of attention throughout the day. Provide incentives (e.g. free time) for attentive behaviors during class time. Provide incentives (e.g. free time) for attentive behaviors during class time. Refer Mrs. Porter to a general physician for a complete physical for Sara to determine whether there is a medical concern and to investigate the use of medication for attention difficulties. Refer Mrs. Porter to a general physician for a complete physical for Sara to determine whether there is a medical concern and to investigate the use of medication for attention difficulties. Use positive discipline techniques to direct Sara’s attention and to provide consequences for inappropriate behaviors. Use positive discipline techniques to direct Sara’s attention and to provide consequences for inappropriate behaviors.

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