“Born to fail-the perfect storm” “David’s Story” “Born to fail-the perfect storm” John Carnochan QPM Detective Chief Superintendent Violence Reduction Unit GOOD AFTERNOON IT MIGHT SEEM STRANGE FOR THE POLICE TO BE TALKING ABOUT PUBLIC HEALTH… I’M GOING TOO SHOW A PIECE OF CCTV WHICH WILL EVIDENCE WHAT HAPPENS BEFORE SOME OF YOUR PATIENTS ARRIVE AT YOUR DOOR. I HOPE WILL DEMONSTRATE WHY WE IN SCOTLAND ARE TRYING TO THINK ABOUT THE GENERATIONAL CHANGE THAT WE NEED.

“Truth springs from argument amongst friends” David Hume 1711-1776

Improving Scottish Education HMIE 2006 “However, we must also recognise that many of the factors associated with poor performance lie outside the centre, school or college attended. The need for establishments and teachers to work effectively with parents and carers and with all those services which support young people and their families remains vital. Traditions, structures and even values present real challenges to joint working…..” Improving Scottish Education HMIE 2006

The “How” Identify risk / protective factors Research why it occurs Surveillance Systematic data collection Develop and evaluate interventions Find out what works. Implement Scale up and evaluate effective programmes

Understand Causes of Violence Two components to Violence: The propensity to be violent - personal factors The triggers of violence - social factors The Wave Report 2005 “Violence and what to do about it”

What do Employers Want? Percentage of Employers reporting an employee skill gap. Future Skills Bar Chart. See Future Skills Scotland Website, Employer Survey 2004, p27, fig 15.

Rates of Return to Human Capital Higher Education Secondary This is where we currently invest our public funds – the evidence is overwhelming that there is a better way to invest. It is more effective and it is more economic. We need to help support parents do a very difficult job. It’s not about bad parents or poor parents. It is difficult in ideal circumstances and it becomes even more difficult when circumstances are not supportive. A violent or aggressive and bullying partner will inhibit Mum’s ability as a parent, alcohol, drugs, isolation, all make being a parent very difficult. They need support. Primary Preschool

Economics “A major determinant of successful schools is successful families. Schools work with what parents bring them. They operate more effectively if parents reinforce them by encouraging and motivating children” Professor James Heckman Chicago University

Public Health Model Lack of communication skills Relationship Societal Community Individual Lack of communication skills Poor behavioural control Impulsiveness Aggressive behaviour Lack of skills to deal with conflict Lack of “life” skills Exclusion from Services/Schools Nutrition Diet Health Alcohol Lack of employment opportunities Parenting Lack of knowledge Friends that engage in violence Prevalence of gang culture Violent families – siblings/parents Lack of significant adults/positive role model Lack of punishment for pre cursor offences – knife carrying Lack of visible swift justice Links to deprivation Scottishness Cultural norms Legitimisation of violence Access to and use of alcohol Lack of aspiration Dependancy

Glasgow East Population 60,000+ 27% residents are under the age of 20 Education 49% above the national average for adults without qualifications 14% below the Nat Ave for 5+ GCSE equivalents (s4)

Glasgow East Employment Workless households 122% above Nat Ave Number of income deprived people 114% above Nat Ave Child and Mental Health Low birth weight babies 62% above the Nat Ave Teenage pregnancy (under 18) 42% above the Nat Ave

Glasgow East Life Expectancy Males 68.1, females 76 Males life expectancy drops as low as 61.9

Glasgow East Crime Serious Violent Crime 170% above Nat Ave Domestic Abuse 54% above the Nat Ave Vandalism 22% above Nat Ave Drug Offenders 39% above Nat Ave

Glasgow East Gangs 55 known gangs Approx 630 known gang members aged between 9 - early 20s White young men aged between 9-20s (peak membership 14-18) Highly Territorialised – obsessed with respect Resistant to change

Thoughts It has to be about: WHAT is right not WHO is right WHAT is important not WHO is important The SHARED AGENDA