 Efferent ductules  12 small ciliated ducts collecting sperm from rete testes and transporting it to epididymis  Epididymis (head, body and tail)  6 m long coiled duct adhering to posterior of testis  site of sperm maturation and storage (fertile for 60 days)  Ductus deferens (peristalsis during orgasm)  muscular tube 45 cm long passing up from scrotum through inguinal canal to posterior surface of bladder  Ejaculatory duct  2 cm duct formed from ductus deferens and seminal vesicle and passing through prostate to empty into urethra 27-2 Vasectomy

 Regions: prostatic, membranous and penile --- totals 20 cm long 27-3

 Seminal vesicles - pair  posterior to bladder  empty into ejaculatory duct  Prostate gland - single  below bladder, surrounds urethra and ejaculatory duct  2 x 4 x 3 cm  Bulbourethral glands - pair  near bulb of penis  empty into penile urethra  lubricating fluid 27-4

 Internal root, shaft, and glans  external portion 4 in. long when flaccid  The foreskin is termed the prepuce  3 cylindrical bodies of erectile tissue  corpus spongiosum along ventral side of penis  encloses penile urethra  corpora cavernosa  diverge like arms of a Y  Erection 27-5

Note the orderly maturation of germ cells from the base to the center of the lumen. Spermatogonia (along the basement membrane), primary & secondary spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa are seen.

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 Mons pubis - mound of fat over pubic symphysis; covered by pubic hair  Labia majora - thick folds of skin  Labia minora - medial, thin hairless folds  form vestibule contains urethral and vaginal openings  form hoodlike prepuce over clitoris  Clitoris - erectile, sensory organ  Vestibular bulbs - erectile tissue around vagina  Greater and lesser vestibular and paraurethral glands open into vestibule for lubrication 28-11

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 Perimetrium - external serosa layer  Myometrium - middle muscular layer  1.25 cm thick in nonpregnant uterus  smooth muscle  produces labor contractions, expels fetus  Endometrium  simple columnar epithelium with thick layer compound tubular glands  stratum functionalis – superficial, shed each period  stratum basalis - deep layer, regenerates a new stratum functionalis with each menstrual cycle 28-14

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Hormonal changes cause spiral artery vasoconstriction, necrosis of stratum functionalis and menstrual flow 28-16

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 Overlies pectoralis major  conical body, nipple at apex  axillary tail contains many lymphatic vessels  Nipple surrounded by areola  dermal blood vessels closer to surface  melanocytes darken during pregnancy  smooth muscle contracts wrinkling skin and erecting nipple in response to cold, touch and arousal  Suspensory ligaments from skin, muscle  Nonlactating breast has little glandular tissue 28-21

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