1 Using Multi-Layer Routing to Provision Services across MPLS/GMPLS Domain Boundaries Andrew G. Malis Chief Technologist, Tellabs Chairman and President, MFA Forum

2 Discussion of Convergence is Everywhere  “…the access infrastructure telcos are building to support IPTV services will finally give them the ability to converge voice, video and data onto a single network…” – Americas Network  Pseudo-Wires are “the solution for convergence in future telecom networks, because it preserves profitable legacy services even as it enables the creation of a truly next- generation network” – Heavy Reading  “3GPP defines a new subsystem to enable the convergence of voice and data applications and the harmonization of various mobile network technologies over IP” – Deutsche Bank Convergence is changing the face of the network

3 The Benefits of Convergence  Services reduced to applications on converged infrastructure  Reduced operations  Reduced core cap-ex  New services can be provided  Individual Networks per Service limited service interaction The details in getting there are not small…

4 The Reality of Convergence  Non-native service delivery  End User Services are always layered on something else  Which Technology for Convergence?  WDM  Layer 1 (GMPLS)  Layer 2/3 (MPLS)  The whole network will not be converged overnight  Too many existing services already deployed  The whole network will never be completely converged  Fully depreciated equipment still generates revenue How can this all be supported operationally?

5 Access A (WDM) Access B (SONET/SDH) Core (MPLS Pseudo Wire) CPE-A CPE-B Islands of Technology

6 CPE-A CPE-B Different Organizations Manage These Technologies Access A (WDM) Access B (SONET/SDH) Core (MPLS Pseudo Wire)

7 CPE-A CPE-B Provisioning Service is expensive and time consuming We will fill your order within 3 months I forgot that we ordered this service! Access A (WDM) Access B (SONET/SDH) Core (MPLS Pseudo Wire)

8 WDM Network GE/NNI BPON GE/NNI GE/UNI T1, T3, OCN UNI GE/NNI 10/100 BPON 10/100 T1, T3, OCN UNI GE/NNI STS1 Network* OCN/NNI nxT1 OCN/NNI GE/UNI T1, T3, OCN UNI or Null OCN/NNI 10/100 nxT1 GE/MPLS 10/100 T1, T3, OCN UNI or Null OCN/NNI MPLS Network OCN UNI OCN UNI BPON CPE-A CPE-B Access B (SONET/SDH) What would be best? Access A (WDM) Core (MPLS Pseudo Wire)

9 WDM Network GE/NNI BPON GE/NNI GE/UNI T1, T3, OCN UNI GE/NNI 10/100 BPON 10/100 T1, T3, OCN UNI GE/NNI STS1 Network OCN/NNI nxT1 OCN/NNI GE/UNI T1, T3, OCN UNI or Null OCN/NNI 10/100 nxT1 GE/MPLS 10/100 T1, T3, OCN UNI or Null OCN/NNI End-to-end Signaled Service Provisioning Sure, we’re setting your service up as we speak Wow, that was fast! MPLS Network OCN UNI OCN UNI BPON

10 How Can This Be Accomplished?  Common flexible control method that understands layering  Path Computation that understand layered networks  Provides service routing given view of potential/available server layer resources  Signaling mechanisms that coordinate calls in different layers  OSSes that can handle integrated views of layer networks  Relate services requests (client layer calls) to server resources in use  Definitions for server layer resources other than SONET/SDH  An Added Benefit: Integrated operations  Operations convergence possible due to Common control methods

11 Why Use GMPLS?  Establishes a common control plane for different networking technologies  Converge Packet, Cell, TDM, and Optical administrative controls  Automates connection management for all traffic types  Path setup and management (for Packet, Cell, TDM, and Optics)  Handles topology changes automatically  Self-discovery and dynamic configuration of network resources  Provides static and dynamic path reroutes and restoration  Supports Peer-to-Peer and Overlay network models  Integration of optical switches, optical transport, and label switching routers

12 Making Path Computation Layer Aware  Routing today treats different technologies as separate topology graphs MPLS-TE Network SONET Network PON Access WDM Network

13 Making Path Computation Layer Aware  Normal Path Computation cannot find paths between endpoints on different islands MPLS-TE Network SONET Network PON Access WDM Network

14 Making Path Computation Layer Aware  As a result, end-to-end services are separately routed by each island, and interconnected by hand MPLS-TE Network SONET Network PON Access WDM Network

15 Making Path Computation Layer Aware  By merging the graphs, adding client-layer matrixes and client/server adaptation, the graph becomes continuous MPLS-TE Network SONET Network PON Access WDM Network

16 Making Path Computation Layer Aware  GMPLS routing extensions  Link Attribute Announcements that:  remove ambiguity of adaptations supported  announce adaptations in a technology independent manner  necessary to allow for source routing to be done anywhere  include link costs that take into account:  different costs for each layer supported by a link  cost to utilize adaptation  Path Computation Algorithm that:  understands multiple matrices per node  updates “signal stack” when adaptations are pushed/popped

17 IP & Optical Layer Combination Practical Example GMPLS Layer MPLS Layer P PE OXC Major Objectives: -Eliminate electrical packet processing in core -Minimal or no change to existing MPLS routers -Take advantage of TE in both networks – carry out multi-level TE

18 MPLS  GMPLS Interworking: Overlay vs. Peer to Peer  Optical Domain is not visible to IP domain  MPLS domain can not perform efficient TE  Do not have to update MPLS nodes to GMPLS Overlay Model  Optical Domain is visible to IP domain  Optimal route assured since the MPLS network can perform efficient TE by understanding GMPLS network resources  Must update MPLS node to GMPLS Peer to Peer Model Can we take advantage of both models?

19 Optimal Design of an MPLS Core Network P routers PE routers Service Demands Feasible and cost-effective with GMPLS  LSP mesh between PEs originally traverses P routers  Direct PE-PE tunnels preferable where sufficient commonality of traffic endpoints exists  Move LSPs to direct route reducing P-router load

20 Direct Essence of Multi-Layer Core Optimization Transport Layer MPLS Layer P PE LSPs Original GMPLS affords dynamic, optimal size direct tunnels – without necessity to wait for transport service orders  Original tunnel  Six router interfaces  Forwarding on two P routers  Ten transport interfaces  2x bandwidth on links to P routers  Direct tunnel  Two router interfaces  Six transport interfaces

21 Standards Activities  GMPLS  IETF – Multi-region Network  draft-shiomoto-ccamp-gmpls-mrn-reqs-03.txt  draft-leroux-ccamp-gmpls-mrn-eval-02.txt  ASON  ITU – Multi-layer calls and Multi-layer Routing  G.8080 Amendment 2  Q12/15 March 2005 Interim WD53r1  OIF – UNI 2.0 Ethernet Services & E-NNI Routing  Multi-layer call support  Architecture supports multi-layer routing (oif )  Demonstrated at Supercomm 2005

22 Conclusion  Convergence is occurring in the network  New Services  Lower CapEx and OpEx for network operators  MPLS has become the industry-standard mechanism for data network convergence (Layer 3 and Layer 2 services)  GMPLS is being deployed as optical network equipment replacement picks up  Flexible control methods that support layering are in progress  Standardization activities underway in ITU, IETF and OIF  Multi-vendor interoperability already demonstrated

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